REPOSITÓRIO INSTITUCIONAL DA UNIVERSIDADE DO VALE DO PARAÍBA
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Submissões Recentes
Synthesis and Characterization of Chloroaluminium Phthalocyanine Incorporated in PLA/Gelatin Bionanocomposites for Photodynamic Therapy
Carvalho, Janicy Arantes; Ambrosio, Jéssica Aparecida Ribeiro; Marcolino, Luciana Maria Cortez; Simioni, Andreza Ribeiro; Ribeirão Preto
Development delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, represent a growing area in biomedical research. Nanoparticles were prepared using a combination of two methods, the desolvation / emulsion technique using poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and gelatin (nPLA-G) forming a bionanocomposites which are hybrid materials composed of a biodegradable material and a nanodimensional material. Chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) was chose as photosensitizer (PS). ClAlPc is a second generation of photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). ClAlPc loaded nanoparticles (nPLA-G/ClAlPc) were prepared using the same process. The PLA-gelatin nanoparticles were successfully prepared by the combination of desolvation / emulsion technique. The nanoparticles presented uniform size and spherical shape. The mean nanoparticle size was 655.1 ± 202.8 nm for nPLA-G (PDI = 0.163) and 772.2 ± 239.4 nm for nPLA-G/ClAlPc (PDI = 0.134). The zeta potential for nPLA-G and nPLA-G/ClAlPc revealed an average value of + 10.0 ± 3.15 mV and + 15.9 ± 3.29 mV, respectively. ClAlPc loaded nanoparticles maintain its photophysical behavior after encapsulation. The encapsulation efficiency was of 90.89 ± 7.55%. All the physical–chemical and photophysical measurements performed allow us to reinforce the idea of a new nanoparticle, composed of PLA and gelatin, as drug delivery systems for PDT.
ATR-FTIR and Genetic Polymorphism Analysis: Potential Tools in the Diagnosis and Identification of Predisposition to DM2
Silva, Ivan Saraiva; Diniz, Renata V.; Oliveira, Maria do Socorro Pombo de; Lima, Luciana de; Sibelino, Sônia Khouri; Raniero, Leandro José; Canevari, Renata de Azevedo; Ribeirão Preto
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by insulin resistance or reduced hormonal production, commonly diagnosed in adults. The pre-diabetes stage, reversible if treated, can progress to DM2, leading to serious complications such as vision loss and cardiovascular disease. Currently, conventional diagnostic methods, such as glucose measurement and glycated hemoglobin analysis, require fasting which can be uncomfortable for patients; thus, infrared spectroscopy analysis demonstrates great potential as a tool to facilitate disease diagnosis. Genetic polymorphism analysis, although expensive and time-consuming, offers early insights into predisposition to DM2, becoming an important technique for predicting susceptibility to disease development. Studies on the SNP -866G/A of the UCP2 gene, associated with DM2, indicate the polymorphism as one of the factors that may facilitate disease development. This study evaluates the feasibility of FTIR spectroscopy as an alternative method for DM2 and pre-diabetes diagnosis by analyzing serum collected from 17 patients (9 with elevated glucose and HbA1c levels and 8 controls). The presence of the -866G/A polymorphism in the UCP2 gene was evaluated using the PCR-RFLP technique for group stratification. The ATR-FTIR technique proved effective in separating patients with glucose alterations from those with normal glycemic patterns; however, further studies are needed to correlate the -866G/A polymorphism with DM2 predisposition.
Assessment of the Effect of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Multidrug- Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Biofilm - an in Vitro Study
Brambilla, Isabelle de Paula Ribeiro; Marcolino, Luciana Maria Cortez; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana; Ribeirão Preto
Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterium associated with numerous cases of hospital-acquired infections and possesses, among other characteristics that make it virulent, resistance to various antibiotics. The increasing resistance of microorganisms has led to the search for alternative methods, such as Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT), inducing bacterial cell death. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial action of PDT with curcumin on A. baumannii biofilm in vitro. A. baumannii biofilm was treated with curcumin for 20 min and then irradiated with a 450 nm LED (Light Emitting Diode) at 93.9 mW/cm2, with a fluence of 42.72 J/cm2. Subsequently, tests were conducted using Confocal Microscopy with the Resazurin dye, Colony-Forming Units (CFU) counting, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imaging. Cell viability tests were also conducted using the L929 fibroblast cell line. The results show that although PDT with curcumin did not reduce bacterial growth, it caused alterations in cell metabolism. Additionally, confocal microscopy showed that curcumin was internalized by A. baumannii at the concentrations used. SEM demonstrated structural changes, although no bacterial reduction in the biofilm was observed. The parameters used in biofilm treatment were cytotoxic to L929 cells. This study showed that PDT with curcumin induces fragility in A. baumannii cells, suggesting that a possible combination with antibiotics may lead to the elimination of bacterial infection.
Biomechanical analysis of experimental spinal cord injury treated with photobiomodulation
Beloni, Luís Filipe Karatanasov; Lima, Leonardo Borges; Neves, Marcele Florencio; Lima, Mario Oliveira; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão; Sant’Anna, Luciana Barros; Arisawa, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo; Ribeirão Preto
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a terrible condition that can affect humans. It is characterized by the interruption of the neurological signal, affecting sensorimotor functions, with social and psychological losses and high treatment costs. There is still no cure for SCI, encouraging research for new therapeu- tic approaches. In this context, Photobiomodulation (PBM) has shown promising results regarding the inflammatory, pain, im- munological, and antifibrotic response, favoring the healing process in several tissues. Objective: To evaluate the motor function in rats treated with PBM after SCI by hemisection us- ing quantitative movement analysis techniques. Methodology: 15 male rats were distributed in three groups: Control (C), In- jury (I), and Photobiomodulation (PBM, continuous wave, 780nm). Groups I and PBM were submitted to SCI between T9/T10, by hemisection of the spinal cord. The Sciatic Func- tional Index (SFI) and average speed were evaluated by kine- matic analysis of the gait of these animals for 28 days, with 7- day intervals. Results: The PBM group showed a significant in- crease in the average speed at 7, 14, and 21 experimental day times evaluated and improvement in SFI. Conclusion: The kin- ematic and thesciatic functional index analysis are reliable eval- uating tools for motor function in rats treated with PBM after SCI, showing increased gait speed and range of motion im- provement on the 14th and 21st-day post-SCI.
Enhanced Antimicrobial Strategy against Staphylococcus aureus: Synergistic Action of Plasma-Activated Water and Silver Nanoparticles
Souza, Sophia Franzoni Azevedo; Costa, Maricilia Silva; Castilho, Maiara Lima; Paris
The rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant infections, particularly in chronic wounds of diabetic patients, necessitates the development of innovative antimicrobial approaches [1]. Staphylococcus aureus, a leading opportunistic pathogen in such cases, poses a significant challenge due to its antibiotic resistance and biofilm-forming capability [2]. This study investigates the combined antimicrobial efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW), produced via a gliding arc plasma system, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), synthesized through a bottom-up chemical reduction method [3]. The primary objective was to determine whether the synergistic interaction between PAW-derived reactive species and AgNPs’ broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties could enhance bactericidal activity against S. aureus. Reactive species in PAW, including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and nitrite (NO₂⁻), were quantified using spectrophotometric colorimetric assays. Absorbance measurements, obtained with a BioTek Synergy HT microplate reader at 410 nm (H₂O₂) and 543 nm (NO₂⁻), demonstrated high linearity in standard calibration curves (R² > 0.99). Results revealed time-dependent variations in reactive species: H₂O₂ peaked at 15 minutes’ post-activation, while nitrite concentrations reached maximum levels at 2 hours before gradually declining. These dynamics underscore the importance of precise timing for PAW’s clinical application. Antimicrobial testing employed standardized S. aureus inoculum, evaluating individual and combined treatments of PAW and AgNPs over 15- and 60-minute incubation periods. Bare AgNPs achieved complete bacterial inhibition using
2,6x1011 particles/mL, while lower concentrations showed a number of particles-dependent reduction in viability. PAW alone exhibited time-dependent antimicrobial effects, with longer exposure (60 minutes) resulting in significantly greater bacterial inactivation compared to the 15-minute treatment. However, when PAW was combined with AgNPs, no significant difference was observed between the 15- and 60-minute treatment durations. Both conditions achieved similar inhibition of bacterial growth using low concentrations of AgNPs. These findings indicate that the synergistic antimicrobial effect of the PAW–AgNPs combination may compensate for shorter exposure times, enhancing efficacy even under reduced treatment durations. This synergistic effect is likely due to the combined mechanisms of oxidative stress induced by PAW’s reactive species and bactericidal action by AgNPs. In conclusion, the integration of PAW and AgNPs reduced S. aureus viability through complementary antimicrobial mechanisms. These results suggest a potential approach to support existing treatments for resistant infections, including those associated with chronic wounds. The combination of cold plasma and nanomaterials could pave the way for innovative antimicrobial solutions, offering enhanced support to conventional therapies in complex infection scenarios.