Cyto-genotoxicity and immunomodulation in fibroblasts exposed to calcium-aluminate cement with different radiopacifiers

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dc.contributor.authorMartorano, Antônio Secco
dc.contributor.authorMessias, Nadyne Saab
dc.contributor.authorBighetti-Trevisan, Rayana Longo
dc.contributor.authorTeixeira, Lucas Novaes
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Ivone Regina de
dc.contributor.authorRaucci-Neto, Walter
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Paulo Tambasco de
dc.contributor.authorCastro-Raucci, Larissa Moreira Spinola de
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-05T15:23:57Z
dc.date.available2026-02-05T15:23:57Z
dc.date.issued22025
dc.description.abstractCalcium aluminate cement (CAC) has been proposed as an alternative to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), but its biological behavior remains underexplored. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and proinflammatory gene expression of fibroblasts exposed to CAC formulations containing zinc oxide or bismuth oxide with different proportions of calcium chloride, in comparison with MTA. Fibroblasts were cultured with CACz (25% ZnO + 2.8% CaCl₂), CACb (25% Bi₂O₃ + 2.8% CaCl₂), CACb+ (25% Bi₂O₃ + 10% CaCl₂), or MTA; non-exposed cells served as controls. Cytotoxicity was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and MTT viability assays at 24 h and 72 h, while genotoxicity was evaluated by the comet assay at 24 h. Gene expression of COL-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MMP-9 was examined by RT-qPCR at 72 h. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test (α = 0.05). Cell viability did not differ among groups at 24 h, but was higher for CACb+ at 72 h (p < 0.05). DNA damage levels were similar across groups (p > 0.05). For gene expression, no significant differences were observed for COL-1, IL-1β, or TNF-α. All cements upregulated IL-6 compared with control (p < 0.05), with the highest levels in MTA and the lowest in CACb+. CACb+ increased MMP-9 expression (p < 0.05), while CACz showed the lowest levels. Within the limits of this study, CAC formulations with additives were not genotoxic or cytotoxic, and their biological behavior was composition-dependent, with CACb+ demonstrating the most favorable profile by enhancing fibroblast viability and extracellular matrix remodeling potential.
dc.description.physical13 p.
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.uriFAPESP: 2016/11461-7
dc.format.mimetypePDF
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade do Vale do Paraíba
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade de São Paulo
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade de Ribeirão Preto
dc.identifier.affiliationFaculdade de São Leopoldo Mandic
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationMARTORANO, A. S. et al. Cyto-genotoxicity and immunomodulation in fibroblasts exposed to calcium-aluminate cement with different radiopacifiers. Brazilian Dental Journal, v. 36, p. 1-13, 2025. Disponível em: 10.1590/0103-644020256511.
dc.identifier.doi10.1590/0103-644020256511
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.univap.br/handle/123456789/1129
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherFundação Odontológica de Ribeirão Preto
dc.rights.holderBrazilian Dental Journal
dc.subject.keywordDNA Damage
dc.subject.keywordEndodontics
dc.subject.keywordFibroblast
dc.subject.keywordGene Expression
dc.subject.keywordInflammation
dc.titleCyto-genotoxicity and immunomodulation in fibroblasts exposed to calcium-aluminate cement with different radiopacifiers
dc.typeArtigos de Periódicos

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