Metallicity of active galactic nuclei from ultraviolet and optical emission lines: I. Carbon abundance dependence

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dc.contributor.authorDors Junior, Oli Luiz
dc.contributor.authorOliveira Junior, Celso Benedito de
dc.contributor.authorCardaci, Mónica Viviana
dc.contributor.authorHagele, Guillermo Federico
dc.contributor.authorMorais, Istenio Nunes de
dc.contributor.authorJi, Xihan
dc.contributor.authorRiffel, Rogemar André
dc.contributor.authorRiffel, Rogério
dc.contributor.authorMezcua, Mar
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Gleicy Caroline de
dc.contributor.authorSantos, Pedro Camargo
dc.contributor.authorMellos, Maitê Silvana de Zorzi de
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-18T14:08:07Z
dc.date.available2025-08-18T14:08:07Z
dc.date.issued22025
dc.description.abstractMetallicity (Z) estimates based on ultraviolet (UV) emission lines from the narrow-line regions of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have been found to differ from those derived from optical lines. However, the origin of this discrepancy (ZR) remains poorly understood. To investigate the source of ZR, we compiled from the literature the fluxes of narrow near- UV [1000 < λ(Å) < 2000] and optical [3000 < λ(Å) < 7000] emission-line measurements for a sample of 11 AGNs (nine at z < 0.4 and two at z ∼ 2.4). Metallicity values for our sample were derived using a semi-empirical calibration based on the C43 = log[(C IVλ1549 + C III]λ1909)/He IIλ1640] emission-line ratio and compared with those obtained via direct measurement of the electron temperature (Te-method) and via calibrations based on optical emission lines. The source of the discrepancy was investigated in terms of the ionization parameter (U), electron density (Ne), and carbon abundance (C/H). We found a weak correlation between ZR, U, and Ne. However, a moderate correlation was observed between ZR and direct estimates of C/H, suggesting that the previously assumed (C/O)–Z relations in photoionization models used to derive UV carbon-line calibrations may not be valid for AGNs. By combining a large set of abundance estimates for local star-forming regions with those of our AGN sample, we derived a new (C/O)–Z relation. Comparisons between the results of photoionization models that assume this new abundance relation and the UV observational data of our sample produce Z values derived from the C43 index that are consistent with those obtained using the Te-method.
dc.description.physical18 p.
dc.description.sponsorshipCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
dc.description.sponsorshipConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
dc.description.uriFAPESP (2022/07066-6) CNPq (303450/2022-3, 403398/2023-1, 441722/2023-7, 311223/2020-6, 304927/2017-1, 400352/2016-8, and 404238/2021-1) CAPES (Proj. 0001)
dc.format.mimetypePDF
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade do Vale do Paraíba
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidad Nacional de La Plata
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversity of Cambridge
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria
dc.identifier.affiliationUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
dc.identifier.affiliationInstitute of Space Sciences
dc.identifier.affiliationInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya
dc.identifier.bibliographicCitationDORS JUNIOR, Oli Luiz et al. Metallicity of active galactic nuclei from ultraviolet and optical emission lines: I. Carbon abundance dependence. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v. 540, n. 2, p. 1608-1625, 2025. Disponível em: 10.1093/mnras/staf727.
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/mnras/staf727
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.univap.br/handle/123456789/1025
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherRoyal Astronomical Society
dc.rights.holderMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
dc.subject.keywordGalaxies
dc.titleMetallicity of active galactic nuclei from ultraviolet and optical emission lines: I. Carbon abundance dependence
dc.typeArtigos de Periódicos

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