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Adverse effects of topical photodynamic therapy in rosacea: Case report
(Elsevier) Sebbe-Santos, Priscilla Fróes; Miquilini, Patrícia; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Menezes, Priscila Fernanda Campos de; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
Rosacea is a chronic and inflammatory skin condition, with relapses being a common characteristic. Its treatments are based on cosmetics, drugs, and the application of procedures based on high-powered light. Photodynamic Cosmetic Therapy (PCT) combines light, a photosensitizer (PS), and molecular oxygen present in tissues, generating photochemical reactions capable of causing tissue and vascular destruction, stimulating tissue repair. We report a case with an adverse effect caused by applying PCT, using 2 % 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA 2 %), and irradiated with amber LED light associated with infrared radiation for the control of rosacea. A patient with subtype II rosacea underwent PCT treatment of 3 sessions at 21-day intervals, being evaluated using photographic images and Wood’s lamp. In the first session of the therapy, an exacerbated inflammatory process was observed. Such an adverse event is estimated to be as a result of the patient using ointment containing corticosteroids for a short period. With the use of medications, it was possible to recover the appearance of the skin thoroughly, and after 21 days, the treatment sessions were performed again. Despite the complication that affected the patient in this study, positive effects were found after the pharmacological therapeutic measures were adopted.
Green synthesis of iron nanoparticles from the baru (Dipteryx alata) endocarp extract for the efficient removal of rhodamine B and caffeine from water through the heterogeneous Fenton process
(IWA) Corrêa, Cassiano Ricardo Reinehr; Siqueira, Adriano Buzutti de; Lopes, Paulo Renato Matos; Ambrosio, Jéssica Aparecida Ribeiro; Simioni, Andreza Ribeiro; Vasconcelos, Leonardo Gomes de; Morais, Eduardo Beraldo de
This study presents the first-time synthesis of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using an aqueous extract from the baru fruit endocarp (Dipteryx alata). Characterization through scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering revealed spherical shapes with an average diameter of 419.2 nm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy identified phytochemicals from the baru fruit extract, acting as both reducing and stabilizing agents. X-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous nature of the FeNPs. The Fenton-like catalytic efficiency of FeNPs was investigated for degrading rhodamine B (RhB) and caffeine. The impact of crucial parameters such as pH, H2O2 dosage, nanoparticles concentration, and temperature on the degradation process was assessed. At pH 3.0, with 1.0 g L−1 of FeNPs, 1% H2O2, and 45 °C, RhB and caffeine degradation reached 99.14 and 92.01%, respectively. The catalytic reaction kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order model for caffeine and a pseudo-second-order model for RhB. Phytotoxicity studies on Cucumis sativus confirmed the non-toxic nature of the degraded products of RhB and caffeine. These findings highlight the potential of FeNPs synthesized from the baru endocarp extract as a catalyst for removing organic pollutants, suggesting promising applications in environmental remediation and related fields.
Biocomposite macrospheres based on strontium-bioactive glass for application as bone fillers
(American Chemical Society) Oliveira, Ivone Regina de; Gonçalves, Isabela dos Santos; Santos, Kennedy Wallace dos; Lança, Maria Carmo; Vieira, Tânia; Silva, Jorge Carvalho; Cengiz, Ibrahim Fatih; Reis, Rui Luís; Oliveira, Joaquim Miguel; Borges, João Paulo Miranda Ribeiro
Traditional bioactive glass powders are typically composed of irregular particles that can be packed into dense configurations presenting low interconnectivity, which can limit bone ingrowth. The use of novel biocomposite sphere formulations comprising bioactive factors as bone fillers are most advantageous, as it simultaneously allows for packing the particles in a 3-dimensional manner to achieve an adequate interconnected porosity, enhanced biological performance, and ultimately a superior new bone formation. In this work, we develop and characterize novel biocomposite macrospheres of Sr-bioactive glass using sodium alginate, polylactic acid (PLA), and chitosan (CH) as encapsulating materials for finding applications as bone fillers. The biocomposite macrospheres that were obtained using PLA have a larger size distribution and higher porosity and an interconnectivity of 99.7%. Loose apatite particles were observed on the surface of macrospheres prepared with alginate and CH by means of soaking into a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days. A dense apatite layer was formed on the biocomposite macrospheres’ surface produced with PLA, which served to protect PLA from degradation. In vitro investigations demonstrated that biocomposite macrospheres had minimal cytotoxic effects on a human osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS-2 cells). However, the accelerated degradation of PLA due to the degradation of bioactive glass may account for the observed decrease in SaOS-2 cells viability. Among the biocomposite macrospheres, those composed of PLA exhibited the most promising characteristics for their potential use as fillers in bone tissue repair applications.
Effects of photobiomodulation on pain, lactate and muscle performance (ROM, torque, and EMG parameters) of paretic upper limb in patients with post-stroke spastic hemiparesis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
(Springer-Verlag London Ltd.) Neves, Marcele Florêncio das; Pinto, Ana Paula; Maegima, Letícia Tiemi; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Lopes‑Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão; Arisawa, Emília Angela Loschiavo; Lima, Mário Oliveira
The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the paretic upper limb in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis and to understand the potential of PBM as a long-term non-invasive therapy for reducing the side effects caused by spasticity in the hemiparetic upper limb after a stroke. This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial constituted of 27 participants, being Control group (CG = 12 healthy individuals) and PBM group (PBMG = 15 post-stroke individuals). In the CG, the baseline blood lactate (BL) was evaluated, followed by the evaluation of the IC torque of the biceps and triceps muscles, with the isokinetic dynamometer associated with surface electromyography (EMG) and, subsequently, a new measurement of BL. The PBMG received 10 sessions of treatment with PBM (780 nm, Power: 100 mV, Power Density: 3.18 W/cm2, Energy: 4 J, Fluency: 127.4 J/cm2, Time: 40 s per point and 1.280 s total, Spot: 0.0314 cm2, 32 Points: 16 points (brachial biceps) and 16 points (brachial triceps) applied with contact at 90°, Total Energy: 64 J), which in the pre-treatment evaluation measured BL, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain; torque and EMG of the same muscles in the IC, subsequently, a new measurement of VAS and BL, and measurement of range of motion (ROM) during the reaching movement. At the conclusion of the ten sessions, all participants underwent a reassessment, wherein all tests originally administered during the initial evaluation were repeated. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. For related data, the paired t-test was used for normal distributions and the Wilcoxon test for non-normal data. For unrelated data, the t test was used for normal distributions and the Mann–Whitney test for non-normal data. Muscle torque was higher for the CG, with a significant difference (CGxPBMG = p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the EMG values of the CG in relation to the Pre-PBM phase and with the Post-PBM phase of the PBMG (p > 0.05). On the other hand, there was a 38% reduction in pain reported by hemiparetic patients (p = 0.0127) and a decrease in BL in the PBMG. Post-PBM ROM increased by 46.1% in the elbow extension of the paretic limb. In conclusion, Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrated significant improvements in muscle performance, reducing fatigue and pain levels, and enhancing range of motion in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis. These findings support the potential integration of PBM into rehabilitation protocols, but further research and clinical trials are needed to validate and expand upon these promising outcomes.
Action of Photodynamic Therapy at Low Fluence in 9 L/lacZ Cells after Interaction with Chlorins
(MDPI) Vitorio, Gabrielle dos Santos; Godoi, Bruno Henrique; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Ferreira, Isabelle; Pacheco Soares, Cristina; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
Gliosarcoma (GS) is a primary malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system, treated with an unfavorable prognosis with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The treatment for GS consists of surgical resection, almost always accompanied by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, given the invasive behavior of the tumor. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is studied as an alternative method that combines light, a photosensitizer (PS), and molecular oxygen. This study aimed to compare the effects of PDT using the photosensitizers Fotoenticine (FTC) and Photodithazine (PDZ) at low concentrations and fluences. For this study, 9 L/lacZ cells, concentrations of 1.55 µg mL−1 , 12.5 µg mL−1 , and 50 µg mL−1 of chlorins and fluences of 1, 5, and 10 J/cm2 were used. A test was also carried out with Trypan Blue in L929 cells at the mentioned concentrations at 5 J/cm2 . Both chlorins were internalized in the cytoplasm, with a significant reduction in viability (>95%) in almost all groups and altered cell adhesion and morphology after PDT. HSP70 expression decreased in both PS, while HSP27 increased only in PDT with FTC, and although there was a change in cell adhesion in the 9 L/LacZ lineage it was not observed in the L929 fibroblast lineage. Both chlorins were effective, highlighting the concentration of 50 µg mL−1 at the fluence of 5 J/cm2 ; according to the present study, the PDZ showed better results.
Gold nanoparticles conjugated with epidermal growth factor and gadolinium for precision delivery of contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging
(Springer-Verlag London Ltd.) Queiroz, Marinho de; Veriato, Thaís da Silva; Raniero, Leandro José; Castilho, Maiara Lima
The utilization of contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become increasingly important in clinical diagnosis. However, the low diagnostic specificity of this technique is a limiting factor for the early detection of tumors. To develop a new contrast agent with a specific target for early stage tumors, we present the synthesis and characterization of a nanocontrast composed of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), gadopentetic acid (Gd-DTPA), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Carbodiimide-based chemistry was utilized to modify Gd-DTPA for functionalization with AuNPs. This resulted in the formation of the Au@Gd-EGF nanocontrast. The relaxation rate (1/T1) of the nanocontrast was analyzed using MRI, and cytotoxicity was determined based on cell viability and mitochondrial activity in a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the effectiveness of carbodiimide in the formation of the Gd-DTPA-cysteamine complex in the presence of bands at 930, 1042, 1232, 1588, and 1716 cm-1. The complexes exhibited good interactions with the AuNPs. However, the signal intensity of the Au@Gd-EGF nanocontrast was lower than that of the commercial contrast agent because the r1/r2 relaxivities of the Gd-DTPA-based contrast agents were lower than those of the gadoversetamide-based molecules. The Au@Gd-EGF nanocontrast agent exhibited good biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and high signal intensity in MRI with active targeted delivery, suggesting significant potential for future applications in the early diagnosis of tumors.
BG-58S macrospheres produced using BG powder synthesized by alkali-mediated sol–gel process and different phosphorus precursor
(Springer Nature Link) Grancianinov, Karen Julie Santos; Santos, Kennedy dos; Gonçalves, Isabela; Donda, Giovanni Moreira; Lauda, Diogo Ponte; Amaral, Suelen; Souza, Amanda; Vasconcellos, Luana de; Oliveira, Ivone Regina de
Purpose Bioactive glass (BG) spheres with uniform shape and specific size variation are allowed to be packed into a 3D arrangement, which results in an open porosity that improves bone growth. Methods BG-58S macrospheres were produced using BG powder synthesized by alkali-mediated sol–gel process and different phosphorus precursors (TEP or phosphoric acid-AF). Macrospheres (MAF-1 M, MAF-2 M, MTEP-1 M, and MTEP-2 M) were characterized as to surface morphology and size, theoretical density, and specific surface area/pore size distribution. In vitro bioactivity was evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF). In vitro tests were conducted (for MAF-2 M and MTEP-2 M) as cell viability, total protein content, determination of alkaline phosphatase, cell adhesion by means of SEM, and mineralization nodules formation compared to commercial product (BG-45S5). Biological performance was verified through histological and histomorphometric analyses around the samples: BG-45S5, MTEP-2 M, and control (clot). Results All physicochemical characterizations demonstrated favorable macrospheres for application in bone grafting. MTEP-2 M and MAF-2 M showed higher cell viability and total protein content when compared to BG-45S5 with a statisti- cal difference (p < 0.05); however, no statistical difference was detected among the groups regarding the determination of alkaline phosphatase (p > 0.05). Cells adhered to the surface were observed for all samples as well as nodules of minerali- zation. The results referring to in vivo biological assays showed no statistical difference between the experimental groups MTEP-2 M, BV45S5, and clot control in the two periods evaluated (p > 0.05). Conclusion The method used in this study was able to prepare macrosphere bioglass, and this material seems to be a promis- ing biomaterial to improve bone tissue regeneration.
Tribocorrosion studies on DLC films with silver nanoparticles for prosthesis applications
(IOP Publishing) Radi, Polyana Alves; Vieira, Lúcia; Leite, Priscila Maria Sarmeiro Corrêa Marciano; Trava-Airoldi, Vladimir Jesus; Massi, Marcos; Reis, Danieli Aparecida Pereira
Metals and their alloys are very important for orthopedic applications, and the basic requirements for a successful implant are chemical stability, mechanical behavior, and biocompatibility in body fluids and tissues. For prosthesis applications, the corrosion resistance of metals is one of the major prerequisites to avoid impairment of the material properties due to degradation. The combined action of corrosion and wear on the material is called tribocorrosion and DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) films have been extensively studied to increase prosthesis biocompatibility and to protect from corrosion. Additionally, DLC coatings can prevent the prosthesis to release toxic elements due to plastic deformation and corrosion. This paper is about tribocorrosion studies on DLC and DLC-Ag (DLC containing silver nanoparticles) on Ti-6Al-4V substrates. These films were obtained by PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) using hexane as a precursor. The tribocorrosion behavior of uncoated and coated samples was investigated in the reciprocating mode in Ringer's lactate solution. From the polarization test results, the protective efﬁciency of the ﬁlm was calculated. Silver nanoparticles improved the corrosion resistance of the films. The protective efficiency was 15 and 19% for DLC and DLC-Ag films, respectively.
Vaterite microparticle-loaded methylene blue for photodynamic activity in macrophages infected with Leishmania braziliensis
(Springer Nature) Marmo, Vitor Luca Moura; Ambrósio, Jéssica Aparecida Ribeiro; Gonçalves, Érika Peterson; Raniero, Leandro José; Beltrame Junior, Milton; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana; Simioni, Andreza Ribeiro
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) exhibits a variety of crystalline phases, including the anhydrous crystalline polymorphs calcite, aragonite, and vaterite. Developing porous calcium carbonate microparticles in the vaterite phase for the encapsulation of methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer (PS) for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) was the goal of this investigation. Using an adsorption approach, the PS was integrated into the CaCO3 microparticles. The vaterite microparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and steady-state techniques. The trypan blue exclusion method was used to measure the biological activity of macrophages infected with Leishmania braziliensis in vitro. The vaterite microparticles produced are highly porous, non-aggregated, and uniform in size. After encapsulation, the MB-loaded microparticles kept their photophysical characteristics. The carriers that were captured allowed for dye localization inside the cells. The results obtained in this study indicated that the MB-loaded vaterite microparticles show promising photodynamic activity in macrophages infected with Leishmania braziliensis.
Performance of Multiplex Detection Method of IgM Class Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Human Cytomegalovirus
(JSciMed Central) Almeida, Rainara Moreno Sanches de; Ogawa, Guilherme Maerschner; Custódio, Paulo Rogério Siqueira; Sampaio, Maria Alcantara Socorro; Silva, Newton Soares da; Soares, Cristina Pacheco
Serological diagnosis during neonatal screening is crucial in disease prevention. Among the infectious diseases, the most common are toxoplasmosis, rubella, and cytomegalovirus. Traditional diagnostic methods are used to detect a single infectious agent per test. The use of multiplex detection methods increases productivity and reduces the amount of material used, resulting in a more efficient test from a technical, environmental, and economic point of view. The study’s objective was to evaluate the performance of a new diagnostic method aimed at neonatal screening using the multiplex platform of magnetic microspheres from the company Luminex Corporation. For this, tests were carried out for analytical validation of the diagnostic product developed following the rules of the National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) of Brazil. The parameters evaluated were repeatability, reproducibility, linearity, robustness, high dose, minimum detection limit, and analytical specificity. All data obtained met the acceptance criteria of RDC 166/17 of 2017 for the use of the diagnostic product in the national territory. Repeatability and reproducibility tests showed a CV of less than 15% between replicates of the same operator and different operators. The kit showed linearity throughout the operating range with R2 above 0.990, and no effect of high-efficiency dose was observed in the chosen working dilution. In addition, the kit did not show interference from the matrix with the results, and it was observed that small and deliberate changes in the incubation time of each reagent did not have a significant effect on the data obtained.
Evaluation of the effect of hydrocortisone in 2D and 3D HEp-2 cell culture
(CDRR Editors) Fonseca, Marcelo de Oliveira; Godoi, Bruno Henrique; Silva, Newton Soares da; Pacheco-Soares, Cristina
Introduction: Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest incidence globally and that associated with the patient'semotional state, can act positively or negatively in the treatment. Cortisol is a principal primary stress hormone in the human body. The corticoids can increase cell proliferation and reactive oxygen species that contribute to DNA damage. Prolonged exposure to stress can contribute to tissues becoming insensitive to cortisol, the primary human stress hormone. Objective: This study explores cortisol's influence on tumor cell development, particularly in human cells of carcinoma of the human laryngeal (HEp-2). Methodology: HEp-2 cells were exposed toincreasing cortisol (hydrocortisone) concentrations for 24 or 48 hours, and cytotoxicity (MTT assay) proliferation assay (crystal violet assay), and immunolabeled 3D culture for fibronectin and FAK were analyzed. Results: The group treated with hydrocortisone showed a significant increase in mitochondrial activity, as for the evaluation by the violet crystal, the treated group showed similar behavior to the control. The 3D culture showed dispersed cells within 24hours with reduced FAK labeling; however, no changes were observed within 48 hours. Conclusion: Although some cases favored corticosteroid use in cancer patients, a more detailed analysisis necessary before prescribing them.
Análise dos sinais vitais e do desempenho cardiorrespiratório de pessoas com disfunções neurológicas após realização de um protocolo de reabilitação
(CDRR Editors) Lopes, Taciana; Pinto, Ana Paula; Lemos, Sérgio Luiz; Carolina Lobo Guimarães; Abreu, Élida Goulart de; Machado, Douglas Vinicius de Souza; Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão; Lima, Mário de Oliveira; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os sinais vitais e o desempenho cardiorrespiratório (velocidade média durante o treino aeróbico) de pessoas com disfunções neurológicas após realização de um protocolo de reabilitação. Participaram 14 voluntários de ambos os gêneros, entre 18 a 85 anos. Ao longo do protocolo foram coletados os sinais vitais durante o repouso inicial; esforço e recuperação. Foram avaliados parâmetros como: pressão arterial (PA), saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), frequência cardíaca (FC), escala de percepção subjetiva de esforço (BORG) e velocidade média da marcha em um programa de reabilitação cardiorrespiratória durante 12 semanas, totalizando 24 sessões, sendo que cada sessão teve duração de 1 hora. Verificou-se que a frequência cardíaca de recuperação pós exercício reduziu em relação aos esforços, mas não retornou aos valores basais com diferença estatística. Por sua vez, a frequência cardíaca inicial durante o repouso ao longo do tratamento, apresentou diminuição significativa (p<0,05). O desempenho cardiorrespiratório se comportou em fases (fase inicial, intermediária, final), sendo que o resultado mais satisfatório ocorreu na fase final, a partir da 14ª sessão. A FC durante o esforço apresentou um aumento significativo de 6%. Assim, foi possível constatar que após a reabilitação cardiorrespiratória, a FCi diminuiu, ocorreu melhora do desempenho sem grandes variações de FC, PA e SpO2 durante o esforço, demonstrando que o tratamento foi benéfico e seguro para os voluntários com lesão do sistema nervoso central.
Dentifrícios contendo fitoterápicos em sua composição e seus benefícios: uma revisão de literatura
(CDRR Editors) Lopes, Ludimila Carla Fróes; Soares, Luís Eduardo Silva
Os dentifrícios são produtos de higiene pessoal utilizados na prevenção e no tratamento das doenças prevalentes na cavidade bucal como a cárie dentária e as doenças periodontais. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, com caráter narrativo sobre os dentifrícios contendo fitoterápicos em sua composição e seus benefícios relatados. A revisão de literatura foi realizada com artigos publicados na língua portuguesa e inglesa, encontrados entre os meses de janeiro e agosto de 2021 nas bases de dados online do Scielo, BVS, PubMed e Google Acadêmico. Com as informações selecionadas, foi realizada uma análise narrativa, relacionando os dentifrícios e seus componentes bem como as propriedades de cada fitoterápico. Foram selecionados 22 artigos entre osanos de 1999 e 2021. A adição de fitoterápicos aos dentifrícios potencializa sua ação. As indicações usuais dos fitoterápicos estão associadas no tratamento de infecções, inflamações, odontalgias e processos cicatriciais, dentre outras. A utilização de forma correta dos fitoterápicos fornece uma série de benefícios, vistoque os produtos naturais são de fácil acesso, apresentam baixa toxicidade e biocompatibilidade comprovada cientificamente. Os fitoterápicos presentes nos dentifrícios são opções viáveis no controle e tratamento das afecções bucais, principalmente o biofilme dentário.
Influence of Hydrocortisone in Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy in HEp-2 Cells
(Clinics in Oncology) Moraes, Carlos Dailton Guedes de Oliveira; Godoi, Bruno Henrique; Silva, Newton Soares da; Soares, Cristina Pacheco
Aim: Cancer cells exhibit resistance to the immune response by regulating and altering the expression of mediators responsible for immune cell recruitment and disease progression. Cortisol is a natural hormone that may be associated with diseases such as cancer by stimulating stress and altering the cellular environment, favoring uncontrolled division and contributing to the inhibition of the immune response. In contrast, current therapeutic strategies do not present significant concerns about stress as a variable in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The response of HEp-2 cells to stress induced by hydrocortisone and to treatment with Cyclophosphamide (CP) and Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) was analyzed. Methods: One mM of hydrocortisone induced stress in the cells. Cells were treated with 200 μg/ mL of cyclophosphamide or Aluminum Phthalocyanine Tetrasulfonate (AlPcS4) photosensitizer, LED irradiation (660 nm wavelength), intensity of 25 mW/cm2, power of 70 mW, fluence of 5 J/ cm2, characterizing the PDT. All groups were evaluated after 24 h and 48 h. Results: Assessment of stress-inducing mitochondrial activity and cell viability were performed, and the results demonstrated that hydrocortisone significantly altered the rate of cell death, compromising the effects of CP. Conclusion: However, hydrocortisone did not change the cell death rates caused by PDT, indicating the possibility of this hormone as an alternative therapy.
Photobiomodulation applied in post-surgical female-to-male surgery: case report
(Erciyes Üniversitesi) Arisawa, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo; Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Lopes; Martins, Patrícia Sardinha Leonardo Lopes; Meneguzzo, Daiane Thais; Arisawa, Ana Amélia Lo Schiavo; Gallagher, Sidhbh
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an emerging medical technology with therapeutic effects that reduce or inhibit inflammatory mediators and cytokines, decreasing pain and local edema. However, the number of papers reporting the application of PBM in the post-surgical period is still scarce. This case report aims to evaluate the action of PBM applied after bilateral mastectomy with free nipple grafts regarding collateral effects such as pain, edema and hematoma. Patients underwent breast surgery with free nipples grafts. PBM sessions were applied 5, 24, 48 and 72 hours after surgery using a diode laser Platinum 4 equipment with four wavelengths (650, 810, 915 and 980 nm). Total energy applied was 1080 Joules distributed in six minutes of laser application over lymph node areas and the suture region. Both patients (A and B) related pain relief after PBM sessions (5, 24, 48 and 72 hours) after surgery. Also nipple sensitivity and overflow of reddish-color were reduced after 72h. The application of PBM reduced pain intensity and nipples hypersensitivity, suggesting reduction of inflammatory process. The benefits reported in this study suggest the indication of this complementary therapy to cosmetic procedures for transgender people.
Comparação da mecânica respiratória e performance muscular entre indivíduos curados de SARS-CoV-2 com tratamentodomiciliar e tratamento hospitalar
(CDRR Editors) Moreira, Natália Galvão Rocha; Licurci, Maria das Graças Bastos; Nogueira, Daniel Vilela; Fagundes, Alessandra de Almeida; Costa, Maricilia Silva
Introdução: Após a descoberta feita pelas autoridades da saúde chinesa, identificando o vírus SARS-CoV-2, houve a necessidade de maiores estudos, por se tornar pandemia. Mesmo os infectados por COVID-19 apresentarem sintomas leves ou assintomáticos, observou-se principalmente apresentações clínicas as afecções de trato respiratório e alterações musculares durante o período em que o indivíduo estava infectado, em tratamento ou pós-COVID. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o comportamento da mecânica respiratória e performance muscular entre os indivíduos pós-COVID-19 que foram hospitalizados e daqueles que receberam tratamento domiciliar. Método: Avaliação de 13 indivíduos, na faixa etária de 25 a 65 anos, divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo 1 - pós diagnóstico de COVID-19 submetidos a internação hospitalar e Grupo 2 - pós diagnóstico de COVID-19 submetidos a tratamento domiciliar. Ambos os grupos fora do período de isolamento, sem risco de contaminação. Os indivíduos foram avaliados por manovacuometria, pico de fluxo expiratório e performance muscular. Dados apresentados em forma de média e desvio padrão, comparados entre os grupos por meio do teste T-Student com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: houve uma diferença significativa na comparação entre as médias de PIMax do Grupo 1 entre os valores preditos (p=0,04), enquanto as outras comparações obtivemos p>0,05. Conclusão: mesmo com diversas publicações relatando as diferenças na mecânica respiratória e endurance muscular, essas diferenças não foram significativas estatisticamente no nosso trabalho, sendo melhor apresentadas com um maior número de amostra e menor tempo entre a infecção pelo COVID-19 e as avaliações.
Evaluation of the effects of photobiomodulation (808 nm) on pain and quality of life of diabetic neuropathy patients
(CDRR Editors) Leal, Milena Valdinéia da Silva; Lima, Mário Oliveira; Costa, Davidson Ribeiro; Nicolau, Renata Amadei; Ribeiro, Luana Aparecida Pilato; Costa, David Ribeiro; Carvallho, Teresa Marly Teles de; Silva, Kelson Nonato Gomes da; Pessoa, Diego Rodrigues; Arisawa, Emília Ângela Lo Schiavo
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), responsible for a high morbimortality rate and burdening public health resources. Photobiomodulation has proven to be effective in relieving pain, reducing the inflammation, and improving vascularization. We report an evaluation of the effectiveness of photobiomodulation for the relief of pain and to improve the quality of life in patients with diabetic neuropathy. A total of 30 diabetic volunteers with DN were randomly divided into three groups: control, photobiomodulation (PBM), and placebo (P-PBM). Those in Group control were instructed to take diabetic neuropathy medication for 30 days. The PBM group received laser photobiomodulation treatment with the following protocol: three sessions per week for 30 days, totaling 12 applications (wavelength, 808 nm; energy density, 12 J/cm²). in the of following nerves: tibial medial plantar, own plantar digital, common plantar digital, superficial fibular, deep fibular, sciatic, saphenous, and common fibular. Patients in the P-PBM Group were submitted to the PBM protocol, but with the device switched off. Before and after applying the therapeutic protocols, all volunteers were subjected to pain evaluations. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). The PBM group confirmed an analgesic effect directly related to the use of the photobiomodulation, whilst the patients in group control and P-PBM, did not present significant results. The study demonstrated that laser photobiomodulation is effective in significantly reducing pain and improving the quality of life of patients with diabetic neuropathy.
Comparison of the Photodynamic Effect of Two Chlorins, Photodithazine and Fotoenticine, in Gliosarcoma Cells
(MDPI) Fontana, Letícia Corrêa; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Magalhães, Jéssica Aparecida; Tada, Dayane Batista; Almeida, Rainara Moreno Sanches de; Pacheco-Soares, Cristina; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
The treatment and prognosis of cancers of the nervous system remain unfavorable to the patient, which makes it necessary to study alternative therapies as primary or adjuvant treatments to existing methods. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a method that consists of combining a photosensitizer (PS), a light source at the appropriate wavelength, and molecular oxygen, forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to death in the target cell. The objective of this work was to compare the effects of PDT with two chlorins, Photodithazine (PDZ) and Fotoenticine (FTC), in 9L/lacZ gliosarcoma cell lines. Both chlorins, together with an LED device at 660 nm with a fluence of 10 J/cm2 , were included in the study. It was observed that the response to therapy depends on the concentration and type of PS used. In addition, PDZ showed a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen generation than FTC.
Application of mid-infrared vibrational spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR) in quality evaluation in commercial coffees
(CDRR Editors) Fontes, Vitória; Pereira, Douglas Cubas; Lyra, Lucas Ferreira; Sakane, Kumiko Koibuchi
Currently, Brazil is the largest exporter and producer of coffee in the world, and it is the second most consumed beverage in the world, only behind water. In the years 2019 and 2020 it is estimated that the world consumption of coffee was 168.84 million bags of 60 kg, Brazil consumed 20 million bags of coffee, the second-largest consumer in the world, only behind the United States with 25 million bags. The techniques such as infrared spectroscopy has been applied in the food industry, as it is a fast, easy technique, without the need for reagents, free from polluting processes, and capable of analyzing the simultaneous composition of the constituents. The present study aims to analyze the changes in the chemical constituents of Brazilian commercial coffees as a function of shelf life through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) associated with chemometric methods. The experiments were carried out within the expiration date, 6 months, and a year after the expiration date. Spectra were obtained in the range from 4000 to 500 cm-1. The studies of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were made as discrimination methods. The areas in the region from 2970 to 2830 cm-1 and 1765 to 1720 cm-1 were calculated to analyze the alteration as a function over time. The results suggest that these bands in coffee are sensitive over time and to the storage conditions, promoting changes in aroma and flavor.
Hiperhidrose e síndrome de taquicardia pós-COVID-19
(CDRR Editors) Rebêlo, Veruska Cronemberger Nogueira; Silva, Eva Karoline Rodrigues da; Lemos, Mikaelli Priscila Rosas; Cabral, Patrícia Uchôa Leitão; Carvalho, Ana Flávia Machado de; Feitosa, Maura Cristina Porto; Coelho, Nayana Pinheiro Machado de Freitas; Monteiro, Luana de Moura; Portela, Fabiana Teixeira de Carvalho; Arisawa, Emília Ângela Lo Schiavo
A pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, tem impactado o cenário mundial, agravando as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Entre os sintomas persistentes da COVID-19, denominada Covid Longa (CL) ou Síndrome Pós Covid (SPC), as manifestações neurológicas assumem importância significativa por sua associação com o agravamento do quadro clínico dos pacientes. Dentre as complicações observadas em pacientes críticos, destaca-se a Hiperatividade Paroxística Simpática (HSP), caracterizada por sintomas súbitos de aumento do tônus simpático. O objetivo desse estudo foi relatar um caso de HSP em paciente portador de hiperidrose e Síndrome de Taquicardia Ortostática Postural (STOP) pós-COVID-19, ao qual foi aplicado protocolo de tratamento composto por laserpuntura e liberação miofascial no ambulatório de um hospital público em Teresina-PI. Para coleta dos dados foram utilizados os instrumentos Depression Anxiety Stress (DASS-21), Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares (QNSO), Questionário de Avaliação de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL-BREF), Índice de Qualidade de Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQI), Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) e Algometria. Os resultados mostraram redução da taquicardia, hiperidrose, nível de estresse, ansiedade e depressão, diminuição das dores musculares, aumento do Limiar de Percepção Dolorosa (LDP) com consequente redução do afastamento das atividades rotineiras, impactando na melhora da qualidade de vida geral e do sono. Conclui-se que o tratamento por meio de laserpuntura e liberação miofascial foi eficaz nos sintomas da HSP e consequente melhoria da qualidade de vida da paciente.

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