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A Brazilian multicenter pilot case series on the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy for COVID-19-related taste dysfunction
(Elsevier B.V.) Campos, Luana; Soares, Luı́s Eduardo Silva; Berlingieri, Giuseppina; Ramires, Marcia Christina Camargo Hernandes; Guirado, Milena Miranda Goulart; Lyra, Luciana Aparecida de Oliveira P.; Teixeira, Inessa Solek; Oliveira, Patrícia Costa de; Palma, Luiz Felipe; Álvares, Cristina Maria Arvate
Among the most common symptoms of COVID-19 is taste dysfunction, which has a ranging clinical presentation. As well as its pathophysiology remains to be unclear, there is not enough information about the efficacy and safety of the available treatments. This study aims to report a series of cases using PBMT for the management of COVID-19-related taste impairment. 8 female and 2 male patients sought medical help for taste impairment (either partially or completely) after COVID-19 infection. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on the tongue mucosa was then proposed but with 3 different protocols. Taste perception at baseline and before every laser session was evaluated using a visual analog scale. Irrespective of the PBMT protocol, taste recovery was noted in all cases but with varying degrees of improvement. given the high prevalence rates of taste dysfunction in COVID-19 patients and the lack of information about the available treatments, PBMT seems to be a promising therapeutic modality but not dependent on the total number of laser sessions and the interval between them. The choice of the most suitable laser protocol as well as the knowledge of the exact photonic mechanisms, however, need to be better studied.
Action of Photodynamic Therapy at Low Fluence in 9 L/lacZ Cells after Interaction with Chlorins
(MDPI) Vitorio, Gabrielle dos Santos; Godoi, Bruno Henrique; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Ferreira, Isabelle; Pacheco Soares, Cristina; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
Gliosarcoma (GS) is a primary malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system, treated with an unfavorable prognosis with surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The treatment for GS consists of surgical resection, almost always accompanied by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, given the invasive behavior of the tumor. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is studied as an alternative method that combines light, a photosensitizer (PS), and molecular oxygen. This study aimed to compare the effects of PDT using the photosensitizers Fotoenticine (FTC) and Photodithazine (PDZ) at low concentrations and fluences. For this study, 9 L/lacZ cells, concentrations of 1.55 µg mL−1 , 12.5 µg mL−1 , and 50 µg mL−1 of chlorins and fluences of 1, 5, and 10 J/cm2 were used. A test was also carried out with Trypan Blue in L929 cells at the mentioned concentrations at 5 J/cm2 . Both chlorins were internalized in the cytoplasm, with a significant reduction in viability (>95%) in almost all groups and altered cell adhesion and morphology after PDT. HSP70 expression decreased in both PS, while HSP27 increased only in PDT with FTC, and although there was a change in cell adhesion in the 9 L/LacZ lineage it was not observed in the L929 fibroblast lineage. Both chlorins were effective, highlighting the concentration of 50 µg mL−1 at the fluence of 5 J/cm2 ; according to the present study, the PDZ showed better results.
Adverse effects of topical photodynamic therapy in rosacea: Case report
(Elsevier) Sebbe-Santos, Priscilla Fróes; Miquilini, Patrícia; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Menezes, Priscila Fernanda Campos de; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
Rosacea is a chronic and inflammatory skin condition, with relapses being a common characteristic. Its treatments are based on cosmetics, drugs, and the application of procedures based on high-powered light. Photodynamic Cosmetic Therapy (PCT) combines light, a photosensitizer (PS), and molecular oxygen present in tissues, generating photochemical reactions capable of causing tissue and vascular destruction, stimulating tissue repair. We report a case with an adverse effect caused by applying PCT, using 2 % 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA 2 %), and irradiated with amber LED light associated with infrared radiation for the control of rosacea. A patient with subtype II rosacea underwent PCT treatment of 3 sessions at 21-day intervals, being evaluated using photographic images and Wood’s lamp. In the first session of the therapy, an exacerbated inflammatory process was observed. Such an adverse event is estimated to be as a result of the patient using ointment containing corticosteroids for a short period. With the use of medications, it was possible to recover the appearance of the skin thoroughly, and after 21 days, the treatment sessions were performed again. Despite the complication that affected the patient in this study, positive effects were found after the pharmacological therapeutic measures were adopted.
Análise das alterações de biomoléculas causadas pela exposição ao fármaco diclofenaco sódico em peixes da espécie Brycon Opalinusutilizando a espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR)
(CDRR Editors) Banhara, Vanessa Fernandez; Mello, Andriele Maisa de Oliveira; Lyra, Lucas Ferreira; Aquino-Silva, Maria Regina de; Sakane, Kumiko Koibuchi
O aumento no consumo de medicamentos em todo mundo tem gerado vários estudos sobre os impactos causados pelo descarte inadequado de resíduos que contenham os princípios ativos dos medicamentos no meio ambiente. Após serem ingeridos, estes medicamentos são excretados na forma de outros compostos no esgoto doméstico, que vários ainda são persistentes no ambiente e geram alterações fisiológicas em organismos aquáticos. Devido ao crescimento populacional e o consumo excessivo, o anti-inflamatório conhecido como diclofenaco sódico, está entre os principais medicamentos encontrados nas águas superficiais brasileiras, em concentrações na faixa de micrograma por litro (µg.L-1 ). Este trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as alterações biomoleculares que o diclofenaco pode gerar em peixes da espécie Brycon opalinus, utilizando a técnica de Espectroscopia no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR) acoplada aos métodos quimiométricos, a análise de componentes principais (PCA) e a análise de agrupamento hierárquico (HCA). Foram estudadas duas diferentes concentrações de diclofenaco mais o controle. O órgão selecionado para ser estudado foram as brânquias. Os resultados de PCA e HCA mostraram a discriminação entre os espectros de controle e tratados. A análise quantitativa através do cálculo das áreas das bandas de lipídios, proteínas e carboidratos mostrou alterações nestas biomoléculas, sendo que proteínas e carboidratos são mais sensíveis a exposição ao diclofenaco. Os resultados de deconvolução e ajuste de curvas mostraram a diminuição de estrutura desordenada e aumento de β folha da estrutura secundária de proteína para a exposição de 4,4 µg.L-1 de diclofenaco.
Análise dos sinais vitais e do desempenho cardiorrespiratório de pessoas com disfunções neurológicas após realização de um protocolo de reabilitação
(CDRR Editors) Lopes, Taciana; Pinto, Ana Paula; Lemos, Sérgio Luiz; Carolina Lobo Guimarães; Abreu, Élida Goulart de; Machado, Douglas Vinicius de Souza; Lopes-Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão; Lima, Mário de Oliveira; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os sinais vitais e o desempenho cardiorrespiratório (velocidade média durante o treino aeróbico) de pessoas com disfunções neurológicas após realização de um protocolo de reabilitação. Participaram 14 voluntários de ambos os gêneros, entre 18 a 85 anos. Ao longo do protocolo foram coletados os sinais vitais durante o repouso inicial; esforço e recuperação. Foram avaliados parâmetros como: pressão arterial (PA), saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2), frequência cardíaca (FC), escala de percepção subjetiva de esforço (BORG) e velocidade média da marcha em um programa de reabilitação cardiorrespiratória durante 12 semanas, totalizando 24 sessões, sendo que cada sessão teve duração de 1 hora. Verificou-se que a frequência cardíaca de recuperação pós exercício reduziu em relação aos esforços, mas não retornou aos valores basais com diferença estatística. Por sua vez, a frequência cardíaca inicial durante o repouso ao longo do tratamento, apresentou diminuição significativa (p<0,05). O desempenho cardiorrespiratório se comportou em fases (fase inicial, intermediária, final), sendo que o resultado mais satisfatório ocorreu na fase final, a partir da 14ª sessão. A FC durante o esforço apresentou um aumento significativo de 6%. Assim, foi possível constatar que após a reabilitação cardiorrespiratória, a FCi diminuiu, ocorreu melhora do desempenho sem grandes variações de FC, PA e SpO2 durante o esforço, demonstrando que o tratamento foi benéfico e seguro para os voluntários com lesão do sistema nervoso central.
Analysis of Movements in Spinal Cord Hemisection Treatment with Amniotic Membrane – Preclinical Study
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc.) Neves, Marcele Florêncio das; Fonseca, Joyce Lilian Reis da; Carvalho, Paula Cristina Simões de; Pereira, Aline Priscila Campos; Polisel, Evandro Henrique Pintor; Proglhof, Stephanie de Medeiros Passos; Sant ́Anna, Luciana Barros; Lima, Mário Oliveira; Arisawa, Emília Ângela Lo Schiavo
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Amniotic Membrane application in rats with Spinal Cord Injury induced by transverse hemisection using kinematic analysis and Sciatic Functional Index. Study design: True experimental research design. Place and Duration of Study: Instiuto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D) of Universidade do Vale do Paraíba (UNIVAP), between September 2016 and December 2017. Methodology: Fifteen adult male rats were used, allocated into three equal groups: Control (the spinal cord injury and Amniotic Membrane application were simulated), Lesion (spinal cord injury not treated), Amniotic membrane (spinal cord injury treated by amniotic membrane). All animals underwent surgical procedures. A transverse hemisection was performed in groups Lesion and Amniotic Membrene. A fragment of the biomaterial was applied in group AM covering the hemisection area. Results: Sciatic Functional Index and motion analysis were performed by comparing images taken at pre- and postoperative time at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The kinematic analysis showed a significant difference between groups Control and Lesion at 7 days (p = 0.023) and 14 days (p = 0.015), and between groups Lesion and Amniotic Membrane at 14 days (p = 0.039), comparing the postoperative periods. The Sciatic Functional Index revealed significant differences between Groups Control and Lesion at 7 (p = -0.002), 14 (p = 0.003), and 21 days (p = 0.009), between Groups Control and Amniotic Membrane at 7 (p = 0.014), 14 (p = 0.007), and 28 days (p = 0; 013), and between Groups Lesion and Amniotic Membrane only at 14 days (p = 0.039). Conclusion: Application of amniotic membrane in spinal cord hemisection in rats induced gait recovery and improvement in SFI compared to the untreated group.
Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles functionalized with amikacin applied against multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii
(Elsevier) Camargo, Larissa de Oliveira; Fontoura, Inglid; Veriato, Thaís da Silva; Raniero, Leandro José; Castilho, Maiara Lima
Background: Multidrug-resistant bacteria are one of the world's biggest health problems; therefore, improving the spectrum of action of antibiotics could be necessary to reverse this situation. Amikacin and silver salts have well-known antimicrobial properties. However, both drugs lost their effectiveness against some bacteria, such as Acinetobacter baumannii. This work aims to develop a nanodrug from silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) functionalized with Amikacin against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Methods: AgNPs were produced using the bottom-up methodology and functionalized with Amikacin modified by the carbodiimide-based chemistry, forming AgNPs@Amikacin. Susceptibility tests were performed using Amikacin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains to assess the bacteriostatic and bactericidal potential of the developed nanodrug. The clinical strains were induced to form a biofilm, and biomass quantification and the metabolic activity were determined. Results: The AgNPs have a hydrodynamic diameter of the particles with a bimodal distribution, with a size of 37.84 nm. The FT-IR spectrum of AgNPs@Amikacin exhibits vibrational modes corresponding to Amikacin, confirming the conjugation to AgNPs. Susceptibility testing demonstrated a minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of < 0.5 µg/mL. The AgNPs@Amikacin reduced the biofilm metabolic activity of Acinetobacter baumannii at rates ≥ 50%, characterized by the minimal biofilm inhibition concentrations. Conclusions: Results demonstrate a promising development of a new nanodrug with lower concentrations, less toxicity, and greater efficacy against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
Antimicrobial Effect of the Amniotic Membrane Isolated and Associated with Photodynamic Therapy
(MDPI) Santos, Amanda Cerquearo Rodrigues dos; Teodoro, Guilherme Rodrigues; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana; Sant’Anna, Luciana Barros
Microbial control through alternative therapies, such as the amniotic membrane (AM) and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), has been gaining prominence with the advancement of bacterial resistance to conventional treatments. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of AM isolated and associated with aPDT using the PHTALOX® as a photosensitizer (PS) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. The groups studied were: C+; L; AM; AM+L; AM+PHTX; and AM+aPDT. The irradiation parameters were 660 nm, 50 J.cm−2, and 30 mW.cm−2. Two independent microbiological experiments were carried out in triplicate, and the results were analyzed by CFU/mL counting and a metabolic activity test, both statistically analyzed (p < 0.05). The integrity of the AM was verified after the treatments by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The groups AM, AM+PHTX, and, mainly, AM+aPDT showed a statistical difference When compared to C+ regarding the decrease in CFU/mL and metabolic activity. SEM analysis showed significant morphological alterations in the AM+PHTX and AM+aPDT groups. The treatments with AM isolated or associated with PHTALOX® were adequate. The association had potentiated the biofilm effect, and the morphological differences presented by AM after treatment did not hinder its antimicrobial effect, encouraging its use in biofilm formation locals.
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Fotenticine and Methylene Blue on Planktonic Growth, Biofilms, and Burn Infections of Acinetobacter baumannii
(MDPI) Figueiredo-Godoi, Lívia Mara Alves; Garcia, Maíra Terra; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana; Faustino, Eliseu Gabriel; Pedroso, Lara Luise Castro; Junqueira, Juliana Campos
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is considered a promising alternative strategy to control Acinetobacter baumannii infections. In this study, we evaluated the action of aPDT mediated by a new photosensitizer derivative from chlorin e-6 (Fotoenticine—FTC) on A. baumannii, comparing its effects with methylene blue (MB). For this, aPDT was applied on A. baumannii in planktonic growth, biofilms, and burn infections in Galleria mellonella. The absorption of FTC and MB by bacterial cells was also evaluated using microscopic and spectrophotometric analysis. The results of planktonic cultures showed that aPDT reduced the number of viable cells compared to the non-treated group for the reference and multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains. These reductions varied from 1.4 to 2 log10 CFU for FTC and from 2 log10 CFU to total inhibition for MB. In biofilms, aPDT with MB reduced 3.9 log10 CFU of A. baumannii, whereas FTC had no effect on the cell counts. In G. mellonella, only MB-mediated aPDT had antimicrobial activity on burn injuries, increasing the larvae survival by 35%. Both photosensitizers were internalized by bacterial cells, but MB showed a higher absorption compared to FTC. In conclusion, MB had greater efficacy than FTC as a photosensitizer in aPDT against A. baumannii.
Application of mid-infrared vibrational spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR) in quality evaluation in commercial coffees
(CDRR Editors) Fontes, Vitória; Pereira, Douglas Cubas; Lyra, Lucas Ferreira; Sakane, Kumiko Koibuchi
Currently, Brazil is the largest exporter and producer of coffee in the world, and it is the second most consumed beverage in the world, only behind water. In the years 2019 and 2020 it is estimated that the world consumption of coffee was 168.84 million bags of 60 kg, Brazil consumed 20 million bags of coffee, the second-largest consumer in the world, only behind the United States with 25 million bags. The techniques such as infrared spectroscopy has been applied in the food industry, as it is a fast, easy technique, without the need for reagents, free from polluting processes, and capable of analyzing the simultaneous composition of the constituents. The present study aims to analyze the changes in the chemical constituents of Brazilian commercial coffees as a function of shelf life through Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) associated with chemometric methods. The experiments were carried out within the expiration date, 6 months, and a year after the expiration date. Spectra were obtained in the range from 4000 to 500 cm-1. The studies of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were made as discrimination methods. The areas in the region from 2970 to 2830 cm-1 and 1765 to 1720 cm-1 were calculated to analyze the alteration as a function over time. The results suggest that these bands in coffee are sensitive over time and to the storage conditions, promoting changes in aroma and flavor.
BG-58S macrospheres produced using BG powder synthesized by alkali-mediated sol–gel process and different phosphorus precursor
(Springer Nature Link) Grancianinov, Karen Julie Santos; Santos, Kennedy dos; Gonçalves, Isabela; Donda, Giovanni Moreira; Lauda, Diogo Ponte; Amaral, Suelen; Souza, Amanda; Vasconcellos, Luana de; Oliveira, Ivone Regina de
Purpose Bioactive glass (BG) spheres with uniform shape and specific size variation are allowed to be packed into a 3D arrangement, which results in an open porosity that improves bone growth. Methods BG-58S macrospheres were produced using BG powder synthesized by alkali-mediated sol–gel process and different phosphorus precursors (TEP or phosphoric acid-AF). Macrospheres (MAF-1 M, MAF-2 M, MTEP-1 M, and MTEP-2 M) were characterized as to surface morphology and size, theoretical density, and specific surface area/pore size distribution. In vitro bioactivity was evaluated in simulated body fluid (SBF). In vitro tests were conducted (for MAF-2 M and MTEP-2 M) as cell viability, total protein content, determination of alkaline phosphatase, cell adhesion by means of SEM, and mineralization nodules formation compared to commercial product (BG-45S5). Biological performance was verified through histological and histomorphometric analyses around the samples: BG-45S5, MTEP-2 M, and control (clot). Results All physicochemical characterizations demonstrated favorable macrospheres for application in bone grafting. MTEP-2 M and MAF-2 M showed higher cell viability and total protein content when compared to BG-45S5 with a statisti- cal difference (p < 0.05); however, no statistical difference was detected among the groups regarding the determination of alkaline phosphatase (p > 0.05). Cells adhered to the surface were observed for all samples as well as nodules of minerali- zation. The results referring to in vivo biological assays showed no statistical difference between the experimental groups MTEP-2 M, BV45S5, and clot control in the two periods evaluated (p > 0.05). Conclusion The method used in this study was able to prepare macrosphere bioglass, and this material seems to be a promis- ing biomaterial to improve bone tissue regeneration.
Biocomposite macrospheres based on strontium-bioactive glass for application as bone fillers
(American Chemical Society) Oliveira, Ivone Regina de; Gonçalves, Isabela dos Santos; Santos, Kennedy Wallace dos; Lança, Maria Carmo; Vieira, Tânia; Silva, Jorge Carvalho; Cengiz, Ibrahim Fatih; Reis, Rui Luís; Oliveira, Joaquim Miguel; Borges, João Paulo Miranda Ribeiro
Traditional bioactive glass powders are typically composed of irregular particles that can be packed into dense configurations presenting low interconnectivity, which can limit bone ingrowth. The use of novel biocomposite sphere formulations comprising bioactive factors as bone fillers are most advantageous, as it simultaneously allows for packing the particles in a 3-dimensional manner to achieve an adequate interconnected porosity, enhanced biological performance, and ultimately a superior new bone formation. In this work, we develop and characterize novel biocomposite macrospheres of Sr-bioactive glass using sodium alginate, polylactic acid (PLA), and chitosan (CH) as encapsulating materials for finding applications as bone fillers. The biocomposite macrospheres that were obtained using PLA have a larger size distribution and higher porosity and an interconnectivity of 99.7%. Loose apatite particles were observed on the surface of macrospheres prepared with alginate and CH by means of soaking into a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7 days. A dense apatite layer was formed on the biocomposite macrospheres’ surface produced with PLA, which served to protect PLA from degradation. In vitro investigations demonstrated that biocomposite macrospheres had minimal cytotoxic effects on a human osteosarcoma cell line (SaOS-2 cells). However, the accelerated degradation of PLA due to the degradation of bioactive glass may account for the observed decrease in SaOS-2 cells viability. Among the biocomposite macrospheres, those composed of PLA exhibited the most promising characteristics for their potential use as fillers in bone tissue repair applications.
Busca de marcadores moleculares preditivos do acometimento de linfonodos em carcinomas papilíferos de tireoide
(Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP) Oliveira, Maria Luiza Lopes de; Costa, João Vitor Alcântara da; Silva, Luana Araujo da; Santos, Joyce Nascimento; Canevari, Renata de Azevedo
O câncer de tireoide é a neoplasia que mais cresce em incidência todos os anos, sendo o carcinoma papilífero de tireoide (CPT) o subtipo mais comum. Em muitos casos estes tumores podem se tornar agressivos, ocasionando metástases linfonodais. A determinação de marcadores moleculares pela análise de expressão gênica é uma importante ferramenta para a determinação do prognóstico destes tumores. Considerando o papel dos genes NEDD9, B3GNT7, PHB, BAD, PAXIP1, PPM1D e PIK3R5 na etiologia de diversos cânceres, este estudo consistiu em verificar pela técnica de RT-qPCR se os mesmos podem ser marcadores moleculares preditivos do acometimento de linfonodos e se estão relacionados ao desenvolvimento destes tumores. No presente estudo não foi observada expressão diferencial significativa dos genes analisados entre os grupos amostrais de CPT versus MCPT (microcarcinomas) e entre os grupos de CPT linfonodo positivo versus CPT linfonodo negativo, indicando que estes genes não estão relacionados ao desenvolvimento tumoral e não podem ser considerados marcadores preditivos de metástases em linfonodos em CPT.
Chemical constituents and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia involucrata DC. infusion
(Concilium) Barzotto, Ionete Lúcia Milani; Oliveira, Simone Maria Menegatti de; Silva, Newton Soares; Almeida, Rafaela Takako R.; Pilau, Eduardo J.; Delabeneta, Matheus F.; Vieira, Lúcia
In this work, the chemical constituents of the infusion from the leaves of Eugenia involucrata DC. (Myrtaceae) were elucidated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The toxicity of the infusion was evaluated using the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality test. Nineteen chemical compounds were identified by UHPLC-MS/MS: gallic acid; quinic acid; epicatechin; gallocatechin; (epi)afzelechin-(epi)catechin; quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (quercitrin); citric acid; tryptophan; aconitic acid; (-)-epicatechin-(4β→8)-(-)-epicatechin (procyanidin B2); rutin; quercetin-3-O-glucoside; naringenin-7-O-glucoside (prunin); coumaric acid; azelaic acid; quercetin; naringenin; kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (astragalin). FTIR analysis revealed bands attributed to phenols and alcohols, alkanes and carboxylic acids, flavonoids and polyphenols, aromatic compounds, and aliphatic amines. According to the results, the infusion of E. involucrata DC. demonstrated atoxicity and contained chemical components that could be useful in the development of new therapeutic or herbal agents.
Comparação da mecânica respiratória e performance muscular entre indivíduos curados de SARS-CoV-2 com tratamentodomiciliar e tratamento hospitalar
(CDRR Editors) Moreira, Natália Galvão Rocha; Licurci, Maria das Graças Bastos; Nogueira, Daniel Vilela; Fagundes, Alessandra de Almeida; Costa, Maricilia Silva
Introdução: Após a descoberta feita pelas autoridades da saúde chinesa, identificando o vírus SARS-CoV-2, houve a necessidade de maiores estudos, por se tornar pandemia. Mesmo os infectados por COVID-19 apresentarem sintomas leves ou assintomáticos, observou-se principalmente apresentações clínicas as afecções de trato respiratório e alterações musculares durante o período em que o indivíduo estava infectado, em tratamento ou pós-COVID. Deste modo, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o comportamento da mecânica respiratória e performance muscular entre os indivíduos pós-COVID-19 que foram hospitalizados e daqueles que receberam tratamento domiciliar. Método: Avaliação de 13 indivíduos, na faixa etária de 25 a 65 anos, divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo 1 - pós diagnóstico de COVID-19 submetidos a internação hospitalar e Grupo 2 - pós diagnóstico de COVID-19 submetidos a tratamento domiciliar. Ambos os grupos fora do período de isolamento, sem risco de contaminação. Os indivíduos foram avaliados por manovacuometria, pico de fluxo expiratório e performance muscular. Dados apresentados em forma de média e desvio padrão, comparados entre os grupos por meio do teste T-Student com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: houve uma diferença significativa na comparação entre as médias de PIMax do Grupo 1 entre os valores preditos (p=0,04), enquanto as outras comparações obtivemos p>0,05. Conclusão: mesmo com diversas publicações relatando as diferenças na mecânica respiratória e endurance muscular, essas diferenças não foram significativas estatisticamente no nosso trabalho, sendo melhor apresentadas com um maior número de amostra e menor tempo entre a infecção pelo COVID-19 e as avaliações.
Comparison of the Photodynamic Effect of Two Chlorins, Photodithazine and Fotoenticine, in Gliosarcoma Cells
(MDPI) Fontana, Letícia Corrêa; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Magalhães, Jéssica Aparecida; Tada, Dayane Batista; Almeida, Rainara Moreno Sanches de; Pacheco-Soares, Cristina; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
The treatment and prognosis of cancers of the nervous system remain unfavorable to the patient, which makes it necessary to study alternative therapies as primary or adjuvant treatments to existing methods. Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a method that consists of combining a photosensitizer (PS), a light source at the appropriate wavelength, and molecular oxygen, forming reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to death in the target cell. The objective of this work was to compare the effects of PDT with two chlorins, Photodithazine (PDZ) and Fotoenticine (FTC), in 9L/lacZ gliosarcoma cell lines. Both chlorins, together with an LED device at 660 nm with a fluence of 10 J/cm2 , were included in the study. It was observed that the response to therapy depends on the concentration and type of PS used. In addition, PDZ showed a higher quantum yield of singlet oxygen generation than FTC.
Dentifrícios contendo fitoterápicos em sua composição e seus benefícios: uma revisão de literatura
(CDRR Editors) Lopes, Ludimila Carla Fróes; Soares, Luís Eduardo Silva
Os dentifrícios são produtos de higiene pessoal utilizados na prevenção e no tratamento das doenças prevalentes na cavidade bucal como a cárie dentária e as doenças periodontais. Este estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, com caráter narrativo sobre os dentifrícios contendo fitoterápicos em sua composição e seus benefícios relatados. A revisão de literatura foi realizada com artigos publicados na língua portuguesa e inglesa, encontrados entre os meses de janeiro e agosto de 2021 nas bases de dados online do Scielo, BVS, PubMed e Google Acadêmico. Com as informações selecionadas, foi realizada uma análise narrativa, relacionando os dentifrícios e seus componentes bem como as propriedades de cada fitoterápico. Foram selecionados 22 artigos entre osanos de 1999 e 2021. A adição de fitoterápicos aos dentifrícios potencializa sua ação. As indicações usuais dos fitoterápicos estão associadas no tratamento de infecções, inflamações, odontalgias e processos cicatriciais, dentre outras. A utilização de forma correta dos fitoterápicos fornece uma série de benefícios, vistoque os produtos naturais são de fácil acesso, apresentam baixa toxicidade e biocompatibilidade comprovada cientificamente. Os fitoterápicos presentes nos dentifrícios são opções viáveis no controle e tratamento das afecções bucais, principalmente o biofilme dentário.
Does the composition of toothpaste affect the tooth resistance to erosion/abrasion processes?
(CDRR Editors) Luz, Bruna Ribeiro; Silva, Gustavo Henrique Faria; Silva, Marcelo Henrique Pereira Marques da; Laurindo, Vinicius Silva; Seefeldt, Vanessa Borelli; Nahórny, Sidnei; Soares, Luís Eduardo Silva
This study aimed to evaluate the tooth after brushing with toothpaste containing or not active compounds and with different fluoride concentrations after erosion to establish and compare the effectiveness of each dentifrice in its use. Enamel, E (n=36) and dentin, D (n=36) bovine specimens were treated with artificial saliva (AS - control), fluoridated dentifrice (FD), 8% arginine (AR), and calcium silicate (CS). The samples (n=72) were subjected to cycles of demineralization (orange juice) followed by remineralization (saliva) and then tooth brushing (AR, FD and CS). The above cycle was repeated 3´/day for five days. Micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (µ-EDXRF), roughness testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. The mean of roughness values (Ra, μm) were E-AS, 0.20; E-FD, 0.15; E-AR, 0.18; E-CS, 0.18; D-AS, 0.31; D-FD, 0.30; D-AR, 0.37; D-CS, 0.44. The SEM images showed a clear loss of tooth substance in AS and FD treatments. A significant positive mineral variation was observed on the dentin after brushed with AR (p<0.05). The FD dentifrice minimized the erosive effects of the orange juice. Arginine and calcium silicate could improve dental protection by the deposition of a surface layer of deposits. Different active compounds resulted in diverse degrees of protection regarding the type of substrate. The high concentration of fluoride and the inclusion of active compounds improves the dentifrice protection level.
Effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with photodithazine® on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): Studies in biofilms and experimental model with Galleria mellonella
(Elsevier) Souza, Beatriz Müller Nunes; Miñán, Alejandro Guillermo; Brambilla, Isabelle Ribeiro; Pinto, Juliana Guerra; Garcia, Maíra Terra; Junqueira, Juliana Campos; Ferreira-Strixino, Juliana
Staphylococcus aureus infections are a severe health problem due to the high mortality rate. Conventional treatment of these infections is via the administration of antibiotics. However, its indiscriminate use can select resistant microorganisms. Thus, it is necessary to develop alternatives for antibiotic therapy. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT), a therapeutic method that associates a photosensitizer (PS), a light source with adequate wavelength to the PS, interacts with molecular oxygen generating reactive oxygen species responsible for cell inactivation, is a viable alternative. This work aimed to analyze, in vitro and in vivo, the action of aPDT with PS Photodithazine® (PDZ) on the methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strain. In the in vitro method, the S. aureus biofilm was incubated with PDZ at 50 and 75 μg.mL−1 for 15 min, adopting the light dose of 25, 50, and 100 J/cm2. In addition, PS interaction, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), bacterial metabolism, adhesion, bacterial viability, and biofilm structure were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the strain was inoculated into models of Galleria mellonella, and the survival curve, health scale, blood cell analysis, and CFU/mL of S. aureus in the hemolymph were analyzed after aPDT. In the in vitro results, bacterial reduction was observed in the different PDZ concentrations, highlighting the parameters of 75 μg.mL−1 of PDZ and 100 J/cm2. As for in vivo results, aPDT increased survival and stimulated the immune system of G. mellonella infected by S. aureus. aPDT proved effective in both models, demonstrating its potential as an alternative therapy in treating MRSA bacterial infections.
Effects of photobiomodulation on pain, lactate and muscle performance (ROM, torque, and EMG parameters) of paretic upper limb in patients with post-stroke spastic hemiparesis: a randomized controlled clinical trial
(Springer-Verlag London Ltd.) Neves, Marcele Florêncio das; Pinto, Ana Paula; Maegima, Letícia Tiemi; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Lopes‑Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão; Arisawa, Emília Angela Loschiavo; Lima, Mário Oliveira
The objective of the study was to investigate the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the paretic upper limb in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis and to understand the potential of PBM as a long-term non-invasive therapy for reducing the side effects caused by spasticity in the hemiparetic upper limb after a stroke. This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial constituted of 27 participants, being Control group (CG = 12 healthy individuals) and PBM group (PBMG = 15 post-stroke individuals). In the CG, the baseline blood lactate (BL) was evaluated, followed by the evaluation of the IC torque of the biceps and triceps muscles, with the isokinetic dynamometer associated with surface electromyography (EMG) and, subsequently, a new measurement of BL. The PBMG received 10 sessions of treatment with PBM (780 nm, Power: 100 mV, Power Density: 3.18 W/cm2, Energy: 4 J, Fluency: 127.4 J/cm2, Time: 40 s per point and 1.280 s total, Spot: 0.0314 cm2, 32 Points: 16 points (brachial biceps) and 16 points (brachial triceps) applied with contact at 90°, Total Energy: 64 J), which in the pre-treatment evaluation measured BL, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain; torque and EMG of the same muscles in the IC, subsequently, a new measurement of VAS and BL, and measurement of range of motion (ROM) during the reaching movement. At the conclusion of the ten sessions, all participants underwent a reassessment, wherein all tests originally administered during the initial evaluation were repeated. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. For related data, the paired t-test was used for normal distributions and the Wilcoxon test for non-normal data. For unrelated data, the t test was used for normal distributions and the Mann–Whitney test for non-normal data. Muscle torque was higher for the CG, with a significant difference (CGxPBMG = p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the EMG values of the CG in relation to the Pre-PBM phase and with the Post-PBM phase of the PBMG (p > 0.05). On the other hand, there was a 38% reduction in pain reported by hemiparetic patients (p = 0.0127) and a decrease in BL in the PBMG. Post-PBM ROM increased by 46.1% in the elbow extension of the paretic limb. In conclusion, Photobiomodulation (PBM) demonstrated significant improvements in muscle performance, reducing fatigue and pain levels, and enhancing range of motion in post-stroke patients with spastic hemiparesis. These findings support the potential integration of PBM into rehabilitation protocols, but further research and clinical trials are needed to validate and expand upon these promising outcomes.

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