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3D bioprinted human iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells as a novel platform for studying neurogenic niche
(AIP Publishing) Machado, Lucas Simões; Ferreira, Paula Scanavez; Pires, Marina Rodrigues; Bim, Larissa Valdemarin; Oliveira, Natália Heloísa de; Salles, Geisa Rodrigues; Ferreira, Natalia Dall'Agnol; Cruz, Elisa Marozzi; Porcionatto, Marimelia Aparecida
Animal models, especially rodents, used to study neurodevelopment have significantly advanced our comprehension of cellular and molecular mechanisms. Nevertheless, differences in species-specific structures, gestation periods, and interneuronal connections limit animal models’ ability to represent human neurodevelopment accurately. The unique characteristics of primate neural progenitor cells (NPCs) enable cortex expansion with gyrus formation, which does not occur in lissencephalic animals, like rodents. Therefore, there is a need for novel in vitro models using human cells that recapitulate the complexity of human brain development. Along with organoids, 3D bioprinting offers a platform for creating more complex in vitro models. We developed, extensively characterized, and successfully used a GeltrexTM/GelMA hydrogel blend to bioprint human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived NPCs (hNPCs). We show that 3D bioprinted hNPCs can selforganize, revealing key features of a neurogenic niche, including proliferation, differentiation, and migration, remaining viable for over 110 days. Within the first 20 days, bioprinted constructs showed the formation of positive cell clusters for the neurogenic niche cell markers FABP7, NESTIN, and GFAP. Clusters were interconnected by process bundles supporting cell migration. The cells proliferated within the clusters, and over time, NPCs originated TUBB3þ neurons with long axonal tracts, prominent around the clusters. We propose this as a 4D model to study neurogenic niches’ key cellular and molecular features in a 3D bioprinted scaffold, adding time as the fourth dimension. Neuronal maturation in this dynamic model recapitulates key neurogenic niche properties, making it suitable for neurodevelopmental disease modeling and drug screening.
The arrangement of dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Issatchenkia orientalis can be modified by the medium: effect of Voriconazole
(Taylor & Francis) Passos, Juliene Cristina da Silva; Rodrigues, Ana Beatriz Furtado; Silva, Carlos Alberto; Costa, Maricilia Silva
Both Candida albicans and Issatchenkia orientalis have been isolated from different types of infections over the years. They have the ability to form communities of microorganisms known as biofilms. It has been demonstrated that the medium employed in studies may affect the biofilm development. The aim of this study was to investigate the arrangement of dual-species biofilms of C. albicans and I. orientalis cultivated on either RPMI-1640 or Sabouraud Dextrose Broth (SDB), as well as the inhibitory effect of Voriconazole (VRC). For the experiments performed, ATCC strains were used, and yeast-mixed suspensions were inoculated in 96-well plates with either RPMI-1640 or SDB, in the presence or absence of VRC. The results were observed by counting the number of CFU obtained from scraping off the biofilms produced and plating the content on CHROMagar Candida medium. It was observed that for all conditions tested the medium chosen affected the arrangement of dual-species biofilms: when RPMI-1640 was used, there was a prevalence of C. albicans, while the opposite was noted when SDB was used. It could be suggested that the medium and environment could regulate interactions between both yeast species, including the response to different antifungal drugs.
From the gut to the heart: probiotic therapy with Saccharomyces boulardii and its potential role on diabetic cardiomyopathy in a murine model
(Taylor & Francis) Brandão, Ana Beatriz Pereira; Albuquerque, Raquel Cristina Melo Ferreira de; Abreu, Isabel Cristina Mallosto Emerich de; Ferreira, Fabiana Gomes; Santos, Leticia Barssotti dos; Jensen, Leonardo; Souza, Leandro Eziquiel de; Ferreira, Sarah Gomes; Souza, Lívia Bruni de; Arisawa, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo; Sant′Anna, Luciana Barros; Higa, Elisa Mieko Suemitsu; Casali, Adenauer Girardi; Aimbire, Flávio; Irigoyen, Maria Claudia Costa; Casali, Karina Rabello; Cunha, Tatiana Sousa
Background: We investigated whether the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii confers cardiometabolic protection and prevents diabetic cardiomyopathy by modulating inflammation, cardiac remodelling, cardiovascular function, and autonomic regulation. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were allocated into four groups: Control (C), Diabetes (DM), Control+Saccharomyces boulardii (CSb), and Diabetes+Saccharomyces boulardii (DMSb). Diabetes was induced with intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ), and treatments (sterile water or Saccharomyces boulardii) were administered orally for 8weeks. Blood glucose, cytokines, and nitric oxide levels were measured, along with cardiac function via echocardiography and direct blood pressure recordings. Results: Saccharomyces boulardii reduced blood glucose and increased cardiac IL-10 in diabetic mice, restoring nitric oxide levels. These effects were associated to reduced collagen deposition, preventing vascular damage and ventricular fibrosis, and were accompanied by improved systolic/ diastolic function and autonomic control. Conclusion: Saccharomyces boulardii improved cardiac structure, function, and autonomic control in diabetic mice, supporting its potential as adjunct therapy for diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Targeted optimization of single-chain variable fragment (scFv) expression in E. coli using a design-of-experiment approach
(Elsevier) Guimaraes, Marcela; Carvalho, Rafaela Vieira; Luz, Daniela; Guilherme, Ariela Pedro Bom; Campos, Claudia Barbosa Ladeira de; Piazza, Roxane Maria Fontes; Pradella, José Geraldo da Cruz
Infections by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) pose a serious global health risk, potentially leading to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), a life-threatening condition. This study aimed to establish an efficient expression system to produce an anti-Stx2 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) using three E. coli strains: BL21 (DE3), BL21(DE3) pLysS, and ArcticExpress (DE3). Initial tests showed that BL21(DE3) pLysS and ArcticExpress (DE3) produced 0.3–0.4 mg scFv/L using defined media and induction with 0.1 mM IPTG or 10 g/L lactose. A Plackett-Burman design was then used to optimize the concentrations of 2xYT medium, IPTG, and lactose during induction. Under these conditions, ArcticExpress (DE3) reached 19 mg/L of scFv when induced with 1.0 mM IPTG and 2.5 g/L 2xYT. In contrast, BL21(DE3) pLysS yielded 34 mg/L with 1.0 mM IPTG, 0.4 g/L 2xYT, and 0.2 g/L lactose, while IPTG alone resulted in 26 mg/L. The protein yield (Yp/x) also increased from 11.9 to 15.5 mg scFv/g cell. Thus, E. coli BL21(DE3) pLysS showed the highest potential for producing anti-Stx2 scFv, particularly under optimized induction conditions involving IPTG, 2xYT, and lactose. These findings highlight the potential of recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3) pLysS as a robust platform for the scalable production of functional anti-Stx2 scFv fragments. By enabling higher yields under optimized induction strategies, this approach provides an important basis for the development of low-cost diagnostic tools targeting STEC infections, which remain a critical global health challenge.
Simultaneous occurrence of midlatitude plasma bubbles and LSTIDs during the 10 October 2024 geomagnetic storm
(Elsevier) Picanço, Giorgio Arlan da Silva; Fagundes, Paulo Roberto; Moro, Juliano; Nogueira, Paulo Alexandre Bronzato; Muella, Marcio Tadeu de Assis Honorato; Nardini, Clezio Marcos de; Resende, Laysa Cristina Araújo; Silva, Lígia Alves da; Laranja, Sophia Rodrigues; Anoruo, Chukwuma Moses; Agyei-Yeboah, Ebenezer; Souza, Ana Lucia Christovam de
In this study, we present a multi-instrumental analysis of the extreme geomagnetic storm of October 10, 2024, focusing on the inter- action between Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) and Large-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (LSTIDs) over the American sector. Using Rate of Total Electron Content Index (ROTI), Total Electron Content (TEC), and Detrended Total Electron Content (DTEC) maps derived from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, we investigated the ionospheric response to the geomag- netic storm. This analysis was complemented by far-ultraviolet airglow observations from the Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) mission, in situ electron density profiles from the Swarm satellite constellation, and ground-based ionosonde measure- ments. These multi-instrumental datasets revealed a sequence of coupled processes responsible for the generation, expansion, and mor- phological deformation of EPBs, extending well beyond their typical equatorial domain. Prompt Penetration Electric Fields (PPEFs), which led to an enhanced pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) over western South America, drove a substantial uplift of the ionospheric F-region, exceeding 700 km, and favored the development of large-scale EPBs. These structures manifested as a reversed-C-shaped plasma depletion band, confirmed by both ROTI and GOLD observations. Simultaneously, DTEC maps and keograms revealed the equatorward propagation of storm-time LSTIDs. A pronounced spatial and temporal overlap between EPB and LSTID signatures was observed at midlatitudes, especially across the western South American longitudinal sector. This interaction appears to have mod- ulated the outer structure of the EPBs, leading to asymmetric deformation and enhanced latitudinal expansion. Finally, our findings highlight the role of multiscale coupling between high-latitude and equatorial processes during geomagnetic storms and emphasize the need for integrated observations to fully characterize the dynamics of storm-induced ionospheric disturbances.
Retraction Note to: In vitro and in vivo evaluation of rotary-jet-spun poly(ɛ-caprolactone) with high loading of nano-hydroxyapatite
(Springer) Andrade, Telmo M.; Mello, Daphne de Camargo Reis; Elias, Conceição de Maria Vaz; Abdala, Julia Marinzeck de Alcantara; Silva, Edmundo; Vasconcellos, Luana Marotta Reis de; Tim, Carla Roberta; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson Oliveira
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of rotary-jet-spun poly(ɛ- caprolactone) with high loading of nano-hydroxyapatite
(Springer) Andrade, Telmo M.; Mello, Daphne de Camargo Reis; Elias, Conceição de Maria Vaz; Abdala, Julia Marinzeck de Alcantara; Silva, Edmundo; Vasconcellos, Luana Marotta Reis de; Tim, Carla Roberta; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson Oliveira
Herein, poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) mats with different amounts of nanohydroxyapatite (nHAp) were produced using rotary- jet spinning (RJS) and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The mean fiber diameters of the PCL, PCL/nHAp (3%), PCL/nHAp (5%), and PCL/nHAp (20%) scaffolds were 1847±1039, 1817±1044, 1294±4274, and 845±248nm, respectively. Initially, all the scaffolds showed superhydrophobic behavior (contact angle around of 140oC), but decreased to 80° after 30 min. All the produced scaffolds were bioactive after soaking in simulated body fluid, especially PCL/nHAp (20%). The crystallinity of the PCL scaffolds decreased progressively from 46 to 21% after incorporation of 20% nHAp. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity were investigated, as well as the mats’ ability to reduce bacteria biofilm formation. In vitro cellular differentiation was evaluated by measuring alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralized nodule formation. Overall, we identified the total ideal amount of nHAp to incorporate in PCL mats, which did not show in vitro or in vivo cytotoxicity and promoted lamellar bone formation independently of the amounts of nHAp. The scaffolds with nHAp showed reduced bacterial proliferation. Alizarin red staining was higher in materials associated with nHAp than in those without nHAp. Overall, this study demonstrates that PCL with nHAp prepared by RJS merits further evaluation for orthopedic applications
Physiological stress tolerance responses of the dung decomposer fungus Mucor circinelloides
(Elsevier) Acheampong, Mavis Agyeiwaa; Pupin, Breno; Dias, Luciana Pereira Pinto; Santos, Maiara P.; Bernardes, Luana Oliveira; Pinheiro, Michele Souza; Ferreira, Paulo Cesar; Mikaelyan, Aram; Medina, Humberto Ramírez; Alder-Rangel, Alene
The Mucor circinelloides complex, a group of dung-dwelling fungi, is essential for nutrient cycling and organic matter breakdown. Despite their ecological significance, variations in germination rates and stress tolerance among isolates are not well understood. This study examined four isolates—Cicarelli, Doc Beaver, Papulsa, and Zaina—to assess their germination on various media, including potato dextrose agar (PDA), Czapek (CZA), Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), Emerson (EM), and minimal media (MM). The results showed notable differ- ences in germination rates, with CZA and EM promoting the fastest growth. The study also analysed spor- angiospore tolerance to UV-B radiation and high temperatures (47 ◦C), with findings highlighting the role of growth media in stress resistance. Sporangiospores from Cicarelli, Doc Beaver, and Papulsa grown on PDA exhibited greater UV-B tolerance than those on CZA. Conversely, sporangiospores produced on CZA were more heat tolerant than those on PDA. The 12-h survival curve for the Zaina isolate reinforced these findings, showing similar trends in UV-B resilience and heat tolerance. This research demonstrates how growth media influence the environmental stress responses in M. circinelloides, providing insights into the adaptive potential of these fungi.
Cyto-genotoxicity and immunomodulation in fibroblasts exposed to calcium-aluminate cement with different radiopacifiers
(Fundação Odontológica de Ribeirão Preto) Martorano, Antônio Secco; Messias, Nadyne Saab; Bighetti-Trevisan, Rayana Longo; Teixeira, Lucas Novaes; Oliveira, Ivone Regina de; Raucci-Neto, Walter; Oliveira, Paulo Tambasco de; Castro-Raucci, Larissa Moreira Spinola de
Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) has been proposed as an alternative to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), but its biological behavior remains underexplored. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and proinflammatory gene expression of fibroblasts exposed to CAC formulations containing zinc oxide or bismuth oxide with different proportions of calcium chloride, in comparison with MTA. Fibroblasts were cultured with CACz (25% ZnO + 2.8% CaCl₂), CACb (25% Bi₂O₃ + 2.8% CaCl₂), CACb+ (25% Bi₂O₃ + 10% CaCl₂), or MTA; non-exposed cells served as controls. Cytotoxicity was assessed by fluorescence microscopy and MTT viability assays at 24 h and 72 h, while genotoxicity was evaluated by the comet assay at 24 h. Gene expression of COL-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and MMP-9 was examined by RT-qPCR at 72 h. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test (α = 0.05). Cell viability did not differ among groups at 24 h, but was higher for CACb+ at 72 h (p < 0.05). DNA damage levels were similar across groups (p > 0.05). For gene expression, no significant differences were observed for COL-1, IL-1β, or TNF-α. All cements upregulated IL-6 compared with control (p < 0.05), with the highest levels in MTA and the lowest in CACb+. CACb+ increased MMP-9 expression (p < 0.05), while CACz showed the lowest levels. Within the limits of this study, CAC formulations with additives were not genotoxic or cytotoxic, and their biological behavior was composition-dependent, with CACb+ demonstrating the most favorable profile by enhancing fibroblast viability and extracellular matrix remodeling potential.
Cost-effective production process of scFv antibody fragments against Shiga toxin 2 via recombinant E. coli
(Elsevier) Guimarães, Marcela; Luz, Daniela; Augusto, Elisabeth de Fátima Pires; Vieira, Lucia; Costa, Maricilia Silva; Piazza, Roxane Maria Fontes; Pradella, José Geraldo da Cruz
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and its subgroup enterohemorrhagic E. coli are significant pathogens responsible for diarrhea, which can progress to hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), the leading cause of acute renal failure in children. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective clinical man- agement, as antibiotic treatment is not recommended for STEC infections. The present study aimed to establish a cost-effective biotechnological platform for cultivating recombinant E. coli to produce scFv antibody fragments against Stx2 for diagnostic applications. The method was first evaluated through shake flask experiments and subsequently scaled up to bench-scale bioreactors operated in both batch and fed-batch modes using defined culture media. Optimal production conditions were achieved by inducing recombinant E. coli pLys at 18 ◦C for 18 h with 0.1 mM IPTG, resulting in a yield of 3.0 to 4.0 mg scFv/g cell biomass. A fed-batch, high-cell-density procedure with E. coli pLysS achieved a maximum production up to 150 mg scFv/L. A preliminary economic assessment demonstrated the production potential at a value of around $250/g scFv. Economic analysis also highlights that the relative cost of capital investment becomes important as production processes intensify. Therefore, technical parameters such as productivity (scFv mass/bioreactor volume * time) and scFv concentration (mass scFv mass/bioreactor volume) should be prioritized to maximize their values. Similarly, optimization of the recombinant E. coli microbial platform should be pursued to increase the Yp/x level.
In vitro evaluation of red and near infrared LED photobiomodulation on L929 fibroblasts metabolic activity and morphology
(Springer) Segismondi, Larissa Cavallieri; Soares, Luís Eduardo Silva; Soares, Cristina Pacheco
Purpose Fibroblasts, the main cells of connective tissue, are highly susceptible to oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a promising therapy capable of modulating biological tissues, enhancing cellular metabolic activity, and promoting the proliferation and survival of fibroblasts. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential in vitro photoprotective effect of cellular photomodulation using 660 and 850 nm LEDs in L929 fibroblast cells treated with hydrogen peroxide as a model of oxidative stress. Methods Changes in cell viability were observed using the Alamar Blue colorimetric assay, and cell morphology was assessed by inverted microscopy. Mitochondria and nuclei were also labeled in living cells using fluorescence with TMRM and Hoechst, in addition to ROS detection with CellRox Green. Results Our results indicate that pretreatment with LED exerts a cytoprotective effect against oxidative stress, promoting an increase in mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and a reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen spe- cies (ROS) generation while inducing improvements in the morphological characteristics of cells. Conclusion The findings from the present study indicate that Photobiomodulation (PBM) with LED contributes to maintain- ing cellular homeostasis and can help prevent and mitigate damage resulting from oxidative stress in fibroblasts.
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with Polystyrene Nanoparticles, Encapsulated Porphyrin-Derivative and Iodine Generation against Candida Albicans
Calvi, Gabriela de Souza; Braga, Marilia Toledo; Cartaxo, Giulia Nicolle Jácome; Liška, Vojtěch; Mosinger, Jiří; Costa, Maricília Silva; Paris
Influence of fluoride characteristics on tooth surface protection in an erosive condition: a multifaceted characterization approach
(Wiley) Silva, Marcelo Henrique Pereira Marques da; Laurindo, Vinicius Silva; Soares, Luís Eduardo Silva
Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of fluoride consistency and composition to protect enamel and dentin against the dental erosion. Materials and Methods: Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were treated with arti- ficial saliva, neutral fluoride gel (NFG), acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (AFG), neu- tral fluoride foam (NFF), and acidulated phosphate fluoride foam. The samples were subjected to cycling. Micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, sur- face roughness (Ra), contact angle (CA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Composition, CA and Ra data were analyzed by ANOVA and multi- ple comparison test (p < 0.05). Results: The dentin protected had a significantly higher mineral content than in the control. Eroded unprotected enamel had higher Ra values than normal surfaces. Fluo- ride treatments increased the Ra in dentin samples. AFG increased the CA in enamel. Fluoride foams increased CA in dentin with reduced mineral loss. SEM analysis found a deposited layer on enamel treated with AFG and remnants of deposits on dentin treated with NFG and NFF. Conclusion: Regardless of the form of application, fluoride provided protection against erosion, however with different levels. Clinical Significance: Applying the adequate fluoride form is relevant since the for- mulations have different effects on both enamel and dentin.
Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy associated with cardiorespiratory rehabilitation in spastic subjects
(Springer Nature Link) Pinto, Ana Paula; Lemos, Sergio Luiz; Fagundes, Alessandra de Almeida; Neves, Marcele Florêncio das; Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes; Silva, Fernanda Pupio; Silva, Mário Oliveira
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cardiorespiratory rehabilitation (CR) and transcranial photobiomodu- lation (tPBM) on exercise tolerance (ET), heart rate variability (HRV), and peripheral muscle activity in individuals with spasticity. Fifteen participants with spasticity were randomly assigned to two groups: the tPBM group (tPBMG) consisted of eight volunteers who underwent tPBM (on mode) and CR, while the control group (CG) consisted of seven volunteers who underwent simulated tPBM (off mode) and CR. The CR program included 12 weeks of treatment, twice a week for one hour, involving aerobic exercises and lower limb strengthening. For tPBM, a cluster with three lasers (λ = 680 nm, 808 nm), with a power of 100 mW/laser and energy of 36 J, applied to the F7, F8, and Fpz points. The following parameters were evalu- ated after 8 and 12 weeks: ET, HRV, and surface electromyography (EMG) of the rectus femoris muscle during orthostasis (ORT), isometric squatting (ISOM), and isotonic squatting (ISOT). Both groups showed a 40% increase in ET for the CG and a 30% increase for the tPBMG. The CG had more pronounced parasympathetic modulation alterations during post-exercise effort and recovery compared to the tPBMG. The EMG results showed that the tPBMG exhibited progressive improvement in muscle activity during ISOM and ISOT, as well as a decrease in the interlimb difference. In conclusion, both CR and tPBMG demonstrated improvements in ET. However, tPBMG specifically showed promising effects on HRV modulation and peripheral muscle electrical activity, providing additional benefits compared to CR alone.
Evaluatin of the effects of photobiomodulation (808 nm) on pain and quality of life of diabetic neuropathy patients
(CDRR Editor) Leal, Milena Valdinéia da Silva; Lima, Mário Oliveira; Costa, Davidson Ribeiro; Nicolau, Renata Amadei; Ribeiro, Luana Aparecida Pilato; Costa, David Ribeiro; Carvalho, Teresa Marly Teles de; Silva, Kelson Nonato Gomes da; Pessoa, Diego Rodrigues; Arisawa, Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), responsible for a high morbimortality rate and burdening public health resources. Photobiomodulation has proven to be effective in relieving pain, reducing the inflammation, and improving vascularization. We report an evaluation of the effectiveness of photobiomodulation for the relief of pain and to improve the quality of life in patients with diabetic neuropathy. A total of 30 diabetic volunteers with DN were randomly divided into three groups: control, photobiomodulation (PBM), and placebo (P-PBM). Those in Group control were instructed to take diabetic neuropathy medication for 30 days. The PBM group received laser photobiomodulation treatment with the following protocol: three sessions per week for 30 days, totaling 12 applications (wavelength, 808 nm; energy density, 12 J/cm2). in the of following nerves: tibial medial plantar, own plantar digital, common plantar digital, superficial fibular, deep fibular, sciatic, saphenous, and common fibular. Patients in the P-PBM Group were submitted to the PBM protocol, but with the device switched off. Before and after applying the therapeutic protocols, all volunteers were subjected to pain evaluations. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). The PBM group confirmed an analgesic effect directly related to the use of the photobiomodulation, whilst the patients in group control and P-PBM, did not present significant results. The study demonstrated that laser photobiomodulation is effective in significantly reducing pain and improving the quality of life of patients with diabetic neuropathy.
Effect of photobiomodulation associated with strengthening pelvic floor muscles in volunteers with urinary incontinence: a randomized, double‐blinded, and placebo‐controlled clinical trial
(Springer) Silva, Aline Lanziloti da; Martins, Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes; Oliveira, Aissa dos Santos; França, Paula Denise Leite; Pereira, Maria Fernanda Franco; Lima, Mário Oliveira; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva
The dysfunctions of the female pelvic floor have a great influence on the quality of life of women, in all areas, social, psy- chological, and sexual. Stress urinary incontinence is the clinical condition in which the woman involuntarily loses urine to efforts, such as coughing and sneezing, causing great embarrassment and affecting her quality of life. The physiotherapeu- tic treatments include muscle strengthening; however, muscle fatigue is present when performing the exercises. Here we investigate the effects of photobiomodulation to prevent muscle fatigue in the pelvic floor in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence, associated with a muscle strengthening exercise protocol. We used an infrared laser (808 nm, 100 mW) and 3 J/point and fluence of 107.1 J/cm2. The application was performed at 3 points on the vaginal introits and at another 3 points inside the vaginal canal cavity for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence associated with strengthening exercises with vaginal cones. Twenty-two volunteers participated in the study, divided into two groups: group 1 (laser therapy + strength- ening) and group 2 (placebo laser + strengthening). In the group 1 quality of life score, the assessment (11.63 ± 4.33) was the highest score at 17 and in the reevaluation (7.81 ± 5.14) the lowest was 0 (p < 0.05). The muscular strength increased considerably (p < 0.05) for group 1, where the vast majority of patients gained more than twice the strength in the pelvic apparatus (8.36 ± 6.65 before X 13.81 ± 8.92 after). The volunteers acquired an increase in the contraction of the muscles of the pelvic apparatus (p < 0.05) (3.45 ± 1.07); after laser application, this number increased considerably (4.27 ± 0.61). Endurance had an increase of almost 50% compared to placebo, demonstrating the resistance gain in the perineal muscles (3.90 ± 2.35 X 5 ± 1.90). We concluded that photobiomodulation treatment showed significant efficacy in relation to muscle fatigue in the pelvic apparatus right after a strengthening program in women with stress urinary incontinence.
Avaliação comparativa da distância percorrida, da função pulmonar e da qualidade de vida após reabilitação cardiorrespiratória com e sem fotobiomodulação transcraniana em indivíduos com espasticidade – Estudo piloto
(CDRR Editor) Pinto, Ana Paula; Lemos, Sergio Luiz; Fagundes, Alessandra de Almeida; Martins, Rodrigo Álvaro Brandão Lopes; Neves, Marcele Florêncio das; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Lima, Mário Oliveira
O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da reabilitação cardiorrespiratória (RC) isolada e associada a fotobiomodulação transcraniana (Ft) na distância percorrida (DP), função pulmonar e qualidade de vida de indivíduos com espasticidade. Os participantes foram alocados em dois grupos: Grupo fotobiomodulação transcraniana (GF, RC + Ft ativa, n=8) e Grupo placebo (GP, RC + Ft simulada, n=7). A RC consistiu em 12 semanas de tratamento, 2x semana por 1 hora, incluindo exercícios aeróbicos, respiratórios e resistidos de membros inferiores. Para Ft utilizou-se o cluster de laser (λ= 680 nm e 3 Lasers no λ= 808 nm, energia total de 36 J/ponto) nos pontos F7, F8, AFz. Foram avaliadas a DP, espirometria, manovacuometria e SF-36 na avaliação basal e reavaliação com 8 e 12 semanas. A DP aumentou em 165,43 metros e 222,46m em 12 semanas para GF e GP, respectivamente, com diferenças estatísticas intragrupos (p<0,05) e sem diferença intergrupos (p>0,05). Observou-se aumento no índice pico de fluxo expiratório apenas no GF na análise basal x12 semanas (p<0,05). O GF apresentou aumento da PImax e PEmax em 20% (8 semanas) e 15% (12 semanas). No SF-36, a diferença em relação ao basal, verificou-se os domínios aspectos físicos e dor para o GF comportamento de crescimento, e para o GP de decréscimo. Concluiu-se que a DP melhorou no GF e GP pós-intervenção, sem efeito potencializador do desempenho no GF e que a Ft parece ter influenciado na mecânica respiratória do GF e nos aspectos físicos e dor do SF-36.
Análise da performance muscular de atletas submetidos à reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior após programa de reabilitação
(CDRR Editor) Nogueira, Daniel Vilela; Lemos, Sergio Luiz; Carvalho Neto, Fernando Azevedo; Lima, Fernanda Pupio Silva; Lima, Mário Oliveira
As lesões ligamentares de joelho vêm sendo amplamente discutidas nos últimos anos, impulsionado pelo elevado número de casos na prática esportiva. O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o desempenho muscular de atletas que participaram de um programa de reabilitação após reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), por meio de um software desenvolvido para avaliar parâmetros como pico de torque, trabalho total e potência muscular. Foram avaliados 59 atletas amadores, submetidos a reconstrução do LCA com enxerto do grupo muscular flexor, com 6 meses de reabilitação iniciada imediatamente a cirurgia. A avaliação foi constituída por 5 contrações isocinéticas concêntricas com velocidade constante de 60o/s para flexão e extensão do joelho realizadas no dinamômetro isocinético. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio do software Análise da Performance Muscular na Dinamometria Isocinética®, desenvolvido para a realização desse estudo. Os resultados obtidos permitiram observar uma diferença de mais de 10% entre os lados para o pico torque, trabalho total e potência máxima (p<0,05) sendo que o grupo muscular extensor apresentou valores menores para o lado operado. O grupo muscular flexor não apresentou diferença significativa das mesmas variávei. O software desenvolvido em linguagem C /Matlab permitiu melhor visualização, interpretação e análise da performance muscular, oferecendo resultados consistentes para todos os atletas avaliados. Os resultados indicam que os 6 meses de reabilitação não foram suficientes para promover simetria de força entre os lados para o grupo muscular extensor do joelho, indicando um risco de retorno ao esporte nesta fase do tratamento.
Small Structural Differences in Proline-Rich Decapeptides Have Specific Effects on Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurotoxicity and L-Arginine Generation by Arginosuccinate Synthase
(MDPI) Silva, Carlos Alberto; Silva, Brenda Rufino; Silva, Julio Cezar Araujo; Silva, Felipe Assumpção da Cunha e; Kodama, Roberto Tadashi; Silva, Wilmar Dias da; Costa, Maricilia Silva; Portaro, Fernanda Calheta Vieira
ntroduction. The proline-rich decapeptide 10c (Bj-PRO-10c; ENWPHPQIPP) from the Bothrops jararaca snake modulates argininosuccinate synthetase (AsS) activity to stimulate L-arginine metabolite production and neuroprotection in the SH-SY5Y cell line. The relationships between structure, interactions with AsS, and neuroprotection are little known. We evaluated the neuro- protective effects of Bj-PRO-10c and three other PROs (Bn-PRO-10a, Bn-PRO-10c > Bn-PRO-10a-MK > Bn-PRO-10a. The structure of PROs and their correlations with enzyme activity revealed that histidine (H5) and glutamine (Q7) in Bj-PRO-10c potentiated their affinity for AsS. Conclusions. Our investigation provides the first insights into the structure and molecular interactions of PROs with AsS, which could possibly further their neuropharmacological applications.
Molecular Markers for Thyroid Cancer Diagnosis: Insights from MAPK Pathway Gene Expression Analysis
(MDPI) Pupin, Breno; Diniz, Ramon Varella; Costa, Maricilia Silva; Chagas, Maurilio José; Santos, André Bandiera de Oliveira; Canevari, Renata de Azevedo
Background and Objectives: Thyroid cancer is the prevailing endocrine malignancy, with incidence growing over the last decades in the world. The current diagnostic techniques often yield inconclusive results, emphasizing the need for more effective diagnostic ap- proaches. Molecular profiling emerges as a promising avenue for carcinoma differentiation, offering precise insights to guide patient selection for surgical intervention. This study aimed to identify molecular markers in thyroid cancer through the expression analysis of genes within the MAPK pathway, aiming to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of carcinoma diagnosis. Methods: Through a comparative analysis of malignant and benign thyroid samples, we identified 46 genes of the MAPK pathway that exhibited differential expression by PCR array analysis. Results: Validation through RT-qPCR and in silico analysis using TCGA confirmed significant results for CCNA1, CDKN1C, CREB1, FOS, HSPA5, JUN, MAP2K6, and SFN genes identified in our cohort, reinforcing the relevance of these biomarkers. Specifically, noteworthy are our findings regarding the potential diag- nostic value of CCNA1 and SFN genes in papillary thyroid carcinoma, while the reduced expression of CDKN1C, FOS, and JUN genes in follicular carcinoma suggests their value in distinguishing the thyroid pathologies. Conclusions: This study identifies promising diagnostic markers, namely CCNA1, CDKN1C, FOS, JUN, and SFN genes, which have the potential to enhance clinical decision-making in thyroid cancer.

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